Tryptophan Catabolism and Vitamin B-6 Status Are Affected by Gender and Lifestyle Factors in Healthy Young Adults

Deac, Oana; Mills, James L.; Shane, Barry; Midttun, Øivind; Ueland, Per Magne; Brosnan, John T.; Brosnan, Margaret E.; Laird, Éamon; Gibney, Eileen R.; Fan, Ruzong; Wang, Yifan; Brody, Lawrence C.; Molloy, Anne M.

doi:10.3945/jn.114.203091

Cited by 44 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…16% higher XA serum concentrations are presented in heavy drinkers than never or occasional drinkers [140]. There is no substantial change in Kyn metabolites was observed among smokers [140], although smoking is associated with considerably lower levels of PLP, biologically active form of vitamin B6 [141], a cofactor for KATs and KYNU.…”

Section: Abnormal Kp and Risk Factors For Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no substantial change in Kyn metabolites was observed among smokers [140], although smoking is associated with considerably lower levels of PLP, biologically active form of vitamin B6 [141], a cofactor for KATs and KYNU. KA, an endogenous antagonist for NMDA and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, is dramatically increased in rat hippocampus, striatum, and frontal cortex, but not in the serum by prolonged (for 10 days) subcutaneous injections or osmotic minipumps of nicotine.…”

Section: Abnormal Kp and Risk Factors For Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abnormal kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism in cardiovascular diseases

Song

Ramprasath

Wang

et al. 2017

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

182

134

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Kynurenine pathway (KP) is the primary path of tryptophan (Trp) catabolism in most mammalian cells. The KP generates several bioactive catabolites, such as kynurenine (Kyn), kynurenic acid (KA), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK), xanthurenic acid (XA), and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA). Increased catabolite concentrations in serum are associated with several cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including heart disease, atherosclerosis, and endothelial dysfunction, as well as their risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and aging. The first catabolic step in KP is primarily controlled by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). Following this first step, the KP has two major branches, one branch is mediated by kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO) and kynureninase (KYNU) and is responsible for the formation of 3-HK, 3-HAA, and quinolinic acid (QA); and another branch is controlled by kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT), which generates KA. Uncontrolled Trp catabolism has been demonstrated in distinct CVD, thus, understanding the underlying mechanisms by which regulates KP enzyme expression and activity is paramount. This review highlights the recent advances on the effect of KP enzyme expression and activity in different tissues on the pathological mechanisms of specific CVD, KP is an inflammatory sensor and modulator in the cardiovascular system, and KP catabolites act as the potential biomarkers for CVD initiation and progression. Moreover, the biochemical features of critical KP enzymes and principles of enzyme inhibitor development are briefly summarized, as well as the therapeutic potential of KP-enzyme inhibitors against CVD is briefly discussed.

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Section: Abnormal Kp and Risk Factors For Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Abnormal Kp and Risk Factors For Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism in cardiovascular diseases

Song

Ramprasath

Wang

et al. 2017

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

182

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The subjects for this study have been described previously (14)(15)(16)(17)(18) and consisted of healthy students with Irish grandparents who had attended the University of Dublin, Trinity College, during a 12 mo recruitment period between February 2003 and February 2004. Overall, 3569 students applied; of these, 2524 individuals who had Irish grandparents and had no major medical problems were invited to participate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A customized food intake questionnaire was used to assess folic acid intake as previously described (14,18). Briefly, the design of the questionnaire allowed an assessment of vitamin supplements and fortified food intake over the previous week and the average over one month by asking participants to recall their fortified food and supplement intake over those 2 time periods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dihydrofolate Reductase 19 bp Polymorphism Is Not Associated with Biomarkers of Folate Status in Healthy Young Adults, Irrespective of Folic Acid Intake

Ozaki

Molloy

Mills³

et al. 2015

The Journal of Nutrition

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“…As mentioned above, there is growing evidence that the incidence of colon diseases is affected by gender difference. Additionally, accumulating studies have suggested the preventive role of dietary B6 on colon diseases and the status of B6 is affected by gender difference (35). Thus, in this study, we hypothesized that gender difference modulates the colon luminal environment, which is dependent upon B6 status.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Gender Difference and Dietary Supplemental Vitamin B<sub>6</sub>: Impact on Colon Luminal Environment

Nirmagustina

Yang

Kumrungsee

et al. 2018

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Colon diseases can be affected by several factors such as gender difference and dietary supplemental vitamin B (B). The nutritional status of B is affected by gender difference, leading us to hypothesize that gender difference affects colon luminal environment, which is dependent on B status. To investigate this hypothesis, we fed male and female rats a diet containing 1 mg, 7 mg, or 35 mg pyridoxine HCl/kg diet for 6 wk. We found significantly higher fecal mucin levels in female rats compared to those in male rats. Supplemental B significantly increased fecal mucins and was particularly profound in the female rats. The abundances of cecal and fecal Akkermansia muciniphila (mucin degrader) were unaffected. The fecal mucin levels were significantly correlated with colonic free threonine and serine and with gene expression of colon MUC16, implying that the combined effect of gender and dietary B on fecal mucins was mediated by the alteration in the levels of such amino acids and MUC16 expression. This study further showed the significant effects of gender difference on colonic free amino acids such as threonine, ornithine, asparagine/aspartate ratio, and glutamine/glutamate ratio, cecal and fecal Lactobacillus spp. levels, and colonic gene expressions of MUC16 and TLR8, the factors relating to colon health and diseases. Therefore, our findings suggest that gender difference and dietary B may have an impact on colon diseases by modulating these parameters.

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Tryptophan Catabolism and Vitamin B-6 Status Are Affected by Gender and Lifestyle Factors in Healthy Young Adults

Abstract: In this population of healthy young adults, gender has the largest influence on serum Kyn metabolite concentrations. The significant covariance of Trp with unrelated amino acids suggests that protein intake may be an important consideration in evaluating Kyn metabolism.

Cited by 44 publications

References 50 publications

Abnormal kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism in cardiovascular diseases

Abnormal kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism in cardiovascular diseases

The Dihydrofolate Reductase 19 bp Polymorphism Is Not Associated with Biomarkers of Folate Status in Healthy Young Adults, Irrespective of Folic Acid Intake

Gender Difference and Dietary Supplemental Vitamin B<sub>6</sub>: Impact on Colon Luminal Environment

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