Tsunami of December 26, 2004 on the southwest coast of India: Post-tsunami geomorphic and sediment characteristics

Narayana, A. C.; Tatavarti, Rao; Shinu, N.; Subeer, A.

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2007.03.012

Cited by 51 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The highly erosive wave front would suspend a large volume of sand, resulting in a maximum sediment concentration more than 100 kg/m 3 . These kinds of high concentration sediment-laden waves have been observed and depicted by many tsunami witnesses or satellite images (Narayana et al, 2007;Brooks, 2010). The concentration of suspended sediment could be as large as 100 kg/m 3 , which is similar to that in the hyper-concentration flows observed in Yellow River in China (Chien and Wan, 1999).…”

Section: Sediment Transport For Scenario S2 421 Erosion and Depositionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Our simulated erosion and deposition depths are quantitatively reasonable even though the hindered settling effects are not considered. This could also be evaluated through the measured data during the post-tsunami field surveys (Gelfenbaum and Jaffe, 2003;Narayana et al, 2007;Srinivasalu et al, 2007;Pari et al, 2008). However, the maximum sediment concentration could reach more than 800 kg/m 3 in several spots during a short period of time; there is a concern that the high suspended sediment concentration may hinder the settling of sediment grains (van Rijn, 2007).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Tsunami Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical experiment and a case study of sediment transport simulation of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Lhok Nga, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

2012

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There exists a high probability of a great earthquake rupture along the subduction megathrust under the Mentawai Islands of West Sumatra in the near future. Six rupture models were used to assess the tsunami inundation and the accompanying sediment movement in Painan, West Sumatra, Indonesia. According to a worst scenario, the potential tsunami might hit the coast of Painan about 26 minutes after the rupture and the entire city could be inundated with a maximum inundation depth of about 7 m. Severe erosion may also occur in the near-shore region. Two scenarios, one scenario with a positive leading wave and the other with a negative leading wave, were selected to simulate the tsunami-induced morphological changes. A positive leading wave would cause severe erosion in the shoreline area and a large sandbar in the offshore area adjacent to the shoreline; a small amount of sediment could be deposited in the city area; a negative leading wave could cause moderate erosion in the further offshore area due to the strong retreating wave front, an offshore sandbar could form in the bay area, while no noticeable large area of sand deposit could be found in the city area. The difference in the erosion and deposition patterns between these two scenarios provides very helpful information in the investigation of historical tsunamis through tsunami deposits.

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Section: Sediment Transport For Scenario S2 421 Erosion and Depositionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Characteristics Of Tsunami Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical experiment and a case study of sediment transport simulation of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Lhok Nga, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

2012

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“…For instance, Paris et al (2010), applying side-scan sonar mapping nearby Banda Aceh (Sumatra), documented a large boulder field deposited in a water depth from 5 to 25 m, mainly by tsunami backwash flow. In the nearshore zone off India and Sri Lanka, a change in bathymetry was observed after the tsunami, caused by both erosion and deposition (Narayana et al, 2007;Anandan and Sasidhar, 2008;Goto et al, 2011). Local erosion at a water depth of approximately 30 m on the continental shelf of the Andaman Sea, adjacent to the coast of Thailand, was reported by Chavanich et al (2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment distribution on the inner continental shelf off Khao Lak (Thailand) after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami

et al. 2012

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The coastline of Khao Lak (Thailand) was heavily damaged by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Onshore tsunami deposits and satellite images, which show large amounts of sediment transported offshore, indicate that the seafloor was impacted by tsunami run-up and backwash. In this study, high-resolution maps of sediment distribution patterns and the geological development of the seafloor are presented. These maps are based on multibeam, side-scan sonar and seismic profiling surveys offshore Khao Lak. Paleoreefs, with associated boulder fields and sandy sediment dominate the inner continental shelf. Patches of fine-grained (silt to fine sand) sediments exist in water depths of less than 15 m. The sediment distribution pattern is stable between 2008 and 2010, apart from small shifts regarding the boundaries of the fine-grained sediment patches. In one sediment core and several grab samples an event layer was documented, situated below a cover of modern sediments which is only a few cm thick. The event-layer is traced down to 18 m water depth. It consists mostly of sand and contains compounds of terrigenous origin. It is interpreted as a 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami deposit. However, over large areas of the study-site, the impact of the tsunami is hardly identifiable by seafloor morphology or sediment distribution.

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“…Si bien la topografía juega un rol relevante para entender la distribución de la inundación en tierra (DAWSON, 1994;NARAYANA et al 2007;UMITSU et al 2007;FAGHERAZZI & DU, 2008;PARIS et al 2009), existen otros elementos que también deben ser considerados. Los resultados de este trabajo sugieren que dunas vegetadas, altas (12 m, Fig.…”

Section: Modificaciones Del Litoral Arenoso Tras El Tsunami De 2010unclassified

“…Dependiendo de su magnitud, pueden generar erosión, transporte y depositación de sedimentos en pocos minutos. Sus impactos son evidenciados en la geomorfología y sedimentología de los medioambientes costeros en distintas partes del mundo (NARAYANA et al 2007). Sin embargo, a pesar de las evidentes huellas geomorfológicas observadas tras tsunamis recientes, su estudio ha sido someramente abordado.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efectos geomorfológicos del tsunami de Chile de 2010 frente a la zona de máximo slip, revelados por imágenes satelitales y observaciones de campo: El caso del litoral arenoso La Trinchera, Región del Maule

Cornejo

Carvajal

2016

Investig. geogr.

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Efectos geomorfológicos del tsunami de RESUMENEl análisis de imágenes satelitales junto a observaciones de campo, permitieron la identificación y descripción de las consecuencias geomorfológicas que dejó el tsunami de Chile de 2010 en el litoral arenoso La Trinchera, ubicado frente a la zona de máximo slip del terremoto que lo generó. El tsunami abrió breaches y construyó abanicos en cordones litorales y dunas; erosionó dunas vegetadas y formó pedestales; hizo retroceder la línea de costa un centenar de metros; formó flood scours de hasta 350 m de largo en la ribera sur de los ríos Mataquito y Huenchullami; y erosionó casi en su totalidad la barra litoral del estuario del río Mataquito y parte de la barra del río Huenchullami. Los efectos directos del tsunami y la extensión de su inundación, fueroncontrolados por el tipo de duna dominante, en este caso, las familias de los barjanes y de dunas parabólicas. Con el tiempo se generaron fenómenos cómo la proliferación de aspersiones, transformaciones en la morfología de dunas y la rápida recuperación de la barra del estuario del río Mataquito. Todos estos procesos sugieren una alteración en el intercambio de sedimentos en el sistema playa-duna.Palabras clave: Tsunami de Chile de 2010, geomorfología, litoral arenoso, imágenes satelitales. ABSTRACTThe analysis of satellite images together with field observations, allowed the identification and description of the geomorphological consequences of the Chilean tsunami of 2010 in La Trinchera. La Trinchera is a sandy coastline located in front of the area of the earthquake's maximum slip. The tsunami opened breaches and built fans in beach ridges and dunes; eroded vegetated dunes and formed pedestals; produced a retreat of the coastline of hundreds of meters; formed flood scours up to 350 m long in the southern bank of the Mataquito and Huenchullami rivers; and almost entirely eroded the sand spits of the Mataquito River estuary and part of the sand bar of Huenchullami river. Both the direct effects of the tsunami and the scope of the inundation were controlled by the dominant type of dune which corresponds to barchans and parabolic dunes. Since the tsunami several processes have been observed, such as proliferation of sand sheets, transformations in the morphology of dunes and rapid recovery of the sand spits of the Mataquito River estuary. All of these processes suggest an alteration in the exchange of sediment in the beach-dune system.

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Tsunami of December 26, 2004 on the southwest coast of India: Post-tsunami geomorphic and sediment characteristics

Cited by 51 publications

References 14 publications

Numerical experiment and a case study of sediment transport simulation of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Lhok Nga, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Numerical experiment and a case study of sediment transport simulation of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Lhok Nga, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Sediment distribution on the inner continental shelf off Khao Lak (Thailand) after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami

Efectos geomorfológicos del tsunami de Chile de 2010 frente a la zona de máximo slip, revelados por imágenes satelitales y observaciones de campo: El caso del litoral arenoso La Trinchera, Región del Maule

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