Tuberculosis of Thymus—A Case Report

Prabhu, Ashwin; Ismail, Et; Rajendran, Sunil; Thomas, Jiji; Kallath, Madhu; Vellachamy, Kannan A.; Vettath, Murali P.

doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2007.01.010

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These numbers increase with age and HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis account for 11% of deaths among young adults (10-24 years) worldwide 9 . Both HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infect the thymus and cause alterations in T cell output, which could be relevant both in settings of vaccination and during natural immunity to these pathogens 2,10-12 .…”

Section: Thymus: Myth and Realitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance has its limits: how the thymus copes with infection

Nunes-Alves

Nóbrega

Behar

et al. 2013

Trends in Immunology

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The thymus is required for T cell differentiation, a process that depends on which antigens are encountered by thymocytes, the environment surrounding the differentiating cells, and the thymic architecture. These features are altered by local infection of the thymus and by the inflammatory mediators that accompany systemic infection. Although once believed to be an immune privileged site, it is now known that anti-microbial responses are recruited to the thymus. Resolving infection in the thymus is important because chronic persistence of microbes impairs the differentiation of pathogen-specific T cells and diminishes resistance to infection. Understanding how these mechanisms contribute to disease susceptibility, particularly in infants with developing T cell repertoires, requires further investigation.

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Section: Thymus: Myth and Realitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance has its limits: how the thymus copes with infection

Nunes-Alves

Nóbrega

Behar

et al. 2013

Trends in Immunology

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“…Germ cell tumour, in particular seminoma and HL, should be of primary concern. Although rare, thymic tuberculosis should also be considered, which may also present as multicystic disease 172–176 …”

Section: General Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although rare, thymic tuberculosis should also be considered, which may also present as multicystic disease. [172][173][174][175][176] Figure 16. Cystic thymoma.…”

Section: Non-thymoma Thymic Tumours 83mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumours and tumour‐like conditions of the thymus other than thymoma; a practical approach

Bakker

Oosterhuis

2009

Histopathology

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Masses within the thymus and mediastinum are frequently biopsied to establish a diagnosis. The specimens sent for histopathological analysis are typically small (needle) biopsy specimens on which the pathologist is challenged to provide a classifying diagnosis. Despite the fact that the pathology of the anterior mediastinum is predominantly centred on the thymus and it thus might be expected that the range of possible diagnoses is limited, the list of disease entities is in fact extensive, encompassing hyperplastic conditions and both benign and malignant neoplasms. In addition to primary thymic epithelial tumours, a number of less common diseases typical for this location may be encountered, including extragonadal germ cell tumours, lymphomas, soft tissue tumours and a number of conditions which may simulate a tumour, such as cysts and inflammatory conditions. In this review, the disease entities that may be encountered in biopsy material from anterior mediastinal/thymic processes are discussed and an approach to tackle the differential diagnosis is provided.

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“…21 In the literature, only few case reports have been mentioned about the thymic tuberculosis. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] In the present study, we had thymic tuberculosis in a 10-year-old seronegative female child.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histomorphological Analysis of Mixed Bag of Mediastinal Lesions in a Tertiary Care Centre

K¹,

Rao²,

R³

et al. 2018

jemds

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BACKGROUND Mediastinum is a Pandora's box consisting of variety of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions, which present as masses. Aims and Objectives-The purpose of this study is to emphasise the role of CT-guided Tru-Cut biopsy in early diagnosis of mediastinal lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective descriptive study of the histopathological spectrum of the primary mediastinal lesions in a tertiary care hospital between January 2011 and May 2015. Relevant clinical and radiological details were obtained for each case. Histological examination of the true-cut biopsies and resected specimens was carried out followed by immunohistochemistry for confirmation whenever necessary. RESULTS Of the 32 cases included in the present study, nineteen cases showed lesions in the anterior, five in the posterior and eight in the middle mediastinum. Most of these patients were in the 2 nd decade of life with male preponderance. All these mediastinal lesions were categorised into benign (46.9%), malignant (43.75%) and inflammatory (9.37%), of which the most common malignant lesion was lymphoma (37.5%) followed by thymoma (28.13%) and germ cell tumour (6.25%). Tuberculosis (6.25%) was the commonest inflammatory lesion. The most common lymphoma was nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma (58.33%) and among the thymomas, it was type AB thymoma (44.44%). Thymic tuberculosis, extragonadal thymic germinoma and mediastinal immature teratoma with vascular proliferation were the rare lesions included in this study. The sensitivity and specificity of this study were 72.72% and 75% respectively. CONCLUSION The CT-guided Tru-Cut biopsy is an early diagnostic tool in the evaluation of various mediastinal lesions.

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Tuberculosis of Thymus—A Case Report

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Tolerance has its limits: how the thymus copes with infection

Tolerance has its limits: how the thymus copes with infection

Tumours and tumour‐like conditions of the thymus other than thymoma; a practical approach

Histomorphological Analysis of Mixed Bag of Mediastinal Lesions in a Tertiary Care Centre

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