Tuberomammillary nucleus activation anticipates feeding under a restricted schedule in rats

Orexin Neurons Function in an Efferent Pathway of a Food-Entrainable Circadian Oscillator in Eliciting Food-Anticipatory Activity and Wakefulness

“…5c) and the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) (data not shown) of both wild-type and orexinergic(-) mice (Chemelli et al, 1999;Saper et al, 2001). These results in the TMN, LC, and DR of wild-type mice are consistent with a previous report in rats subjected to a similar scheme of food restriction (Inzunza et al, 2000).…”

The histaminergic system as a target for the prevention of obesity and metabolic syndrome

“…Intra VMH/PVN Acute e NI (Machidori et al, 1992;Sakata, 1991;Sakata et al, 1991;Yoshimatsu et al, 1993 Sakata et al, 1988a;Sakata et al, 1988b;Sakata et al, 1988c) Rat Intra LH/PVN Acute e NI (Sakata et al, 1988b;Sakata et al, 1988c (Mercer et al, 1994;Orthen-Gambill, 1988) Mercer et al, 1994 (Mercer et al, 1994;Orthen-Gambill, 1988) Fexofenadine Fukagawa et al, 1989;Sakata et al, 1988a;Sakata et al, 1988b;Sakata et al, 1988c) Rat Intra LH/PVN Acute e NI (Sakata et al, 1988b;Sakata et al, 1988c Sakata et al, 1988a;Sakata et al, 1988b;Sakata et al, 1988c) Rat Intra LH/PVN Acute e NI (Sakata et al, 1988b;Sakata et al, 1988c Sakata et al, 1988a;Sakata et al, 1988b;Sakata et al, 1988c) (Doi et al, 1994;Fukagawa et al, 1989;Sakata et al, 1988a;Sakata et al, 1988b;Sakata et al, 1988c) (Hancock et al, 2004a;Hancock and Brune, 2005) before the anticipated daily meal, reflecting a state of raised arousal, related to an increased feeding motivation (Mistlberger, 1994). The involvement of the histaminergic system in feedinginduced arousal was demonstrated by a cluster-specific activation of neurons in the E3 subdivision of the histaminergic tuberomamillary nucleus (TMN) immediately before meal time in food restricted rats under a scheduled feeding (Inzunza et al, 2000;…”

Histamine and motivation

“…This anticipatory behavior has an important adaptive value because in nature, food may be available during the same few daily hours (Stephan, 2001), and the anticipatory physiological and behavioral activation prepares the animals to take advantage of this predictable phenomena. It was shown that this anticipatory waking up is related to transient activation of the TMN (Figure 2A) but not of other ascending arousal system (AAS) nuclei (Inzunza et al, 2000; Angeles-Castellanos et al, 2004), including the orexin neurons from the lateral hypothalamic/perifornical area (LHA) (Meynard et al, 2005). Increased TMN activation begins approximately one hour before the scheduled mealtime (Meynard et al, 2005), as evidenced by fos mRNA expression; however, the precise relationship between fos expression and electric activity of the TMN neurons remains to be determined.…”