Tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis: Tumor/endothelial crosstalk and cellular/microenvironmental signaling mechanisms

Abstract

Tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are key features of tumor progression and metastasis. The role of tumor cells-derived factors in the promotion of associated angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis is much studied and, no doubt, very important for the understanding of cancer progression. This review aims to present and discuss the work done on the pro-angiogenic and lymphangiogenic cellular interactions within the tumor microenvironment and the signaling pathways that regulate this cross talk. Such multifactor studies are critical for the development of future therapeutic approaches for cancer because they take into account the complexities of cellular interactions within the tumor microenvironment.

Prospero homeobox 1 mediates the progression of gastric cancer by inducing tumor cell proliferation and lymphangiogenesis

“…SS scrambled siRNA, PS PROX1 siRNA, FN fibronectin; Col I collagen I, Col IV collagen IV, MMP matrix metalloproteinase; ZO zonula occludens Prospero homeobox 1 mediates the progression of gastric cancer by inducing tumor cell… 111 apoptosis and by promoting the proliferation of human gastric cancer cells. Tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are the key features of tumor progression and metastasis in various human cancers, including gastric cancer [20][21][22][23][24]. We assessed the impact of PROX1 expression on angiogenesisand lymphangiogenesis-promoting phenotypes of human gastric cancer cells by performing in vitro assays.…”

GPER Mediates Activation of HIF1α/VEGF Signaling by Estrogens

“…The 2.6-kb VEGF promoter-luciferase construct containing full-length VEGF promoter sequence (22,361 to þ298 bp relative to the transcription start site) used in luciferase assays was a kind gift from Dr. P. Soumitro (Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA). The hypoxia responsive element (HRE)-mutated VEGF promoter (pVEGF-mut) reporter gene was kindly provided by Dr. J. Cheng (Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China).…”

“…Tumor angiogenesis is a complex process initiated by paracrine signals occurring through tumor cells and the surrounding stroma (22). As the vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A, also referred to as VEGF) mainly drives cancer progression upon hypoxic conditions (23), VEGF inhibitors are currently used in different chemotherapeutic strategies (24).…”

Expresión de Podoplanina en Mucosa Oral Normal, Displasia Epitelial Oral y Carcinoma Oral de Células Escamosas

“…Nuestros resultados difieren de los de Margaritescu et al, quienes nes precancerosas. Nuestros hallazgos son inesperados si consideramos que a la luz del conocimiento actual, las neoplasias malignas como CECO requieren del desarrollo de una microvasculatura para poder crecer y metastatizar, migrando a sitios distantes al foco primario tumoral a través de nuevos vasos sanguíneos y linfáticos provenientes de vasos pre-existentes, los que aparecen en el tejido gracias a factores proangiogénicos liberados por las mismas células transformadas (Gomes et al, 2013). Atribuimos estos resultados a factores asociados a los tipos de muestras con las que trabajamos (incisionales).…”