Tumor Cell Death Induced by Membrane Melting via Immunotargeted, Inductively Heated Core/Shell Nanoparticles

Abstract

The selective immuno-labeling or ligand-labeling of various cell surface antigens or receptor sites is possible by colloidal metal nanoparticles conjugated to antibodies or ligands or active fragments of antibodies or ligands [1]. More recently, for multiple labeling purposes, we have demonstrated conjugates of colloidal metal nanoparticles of different elemental compositions or shapes [2]. Colloidal magnetite is one such particle. However in order to provide additional stability in a biological environment and to facilitate conjugation of specific antibodies or ligands, the colloidal magnetite nanoparticles can be further coated with a gold shell and are termed Fe-Au, core-shell nanoparticles (Fig 1).

An Analytic Analysis of the Diffusive-Heat-Flow Equation for Different Magnetic Field Profiles for a Single Magnetic Nanoparticle

“…For Case 2, the temperature gradient at the surface of the MNP is sufficient to cause damage to biologic cells [58,69,70]. Therefore, using a periodic pulse MFP can reduce the necessary amount of MNPs by a factor or even more, allowing a wider range of markers to be used for hyperthermia treatments, and simplifying the biological processes to conjugate them to a cell.…”

“…The upper value for distance simulation was chosen accordantly to the thickness of the cell membrane thatis about 5-10 nm [55][56][57] and damaging it can cause the destruction of the cell [58]. The upper time value was chosen so several cycles of the magnetic field could be simulated and plotted.…”