Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Solid Tumors

Tumor Lysis Syndrome Following a Single Atezolizumab Infusion for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Involving Both Upper and Lower Tract

“…A number of risk factors for TLS have been reported including dehydration, impaired pre-therapy kidney function, hyperuricemia, increased tumor cell proliferation rate and size, and chemosensitivity of the malignancy [1][2][3][4]. Our patient was not given prophylaxis before therapy, because the urothelial carcinoma was not considered a risk and no previous published report TLS secondary to current therapy.…”

“…TLS is characterized by hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, lactic acidosis, acute renal failure (ARF) and increased mortality. The incidence of TLS in patients with solid tumors is low [1,2]. The possible explanation of low incidence in patients with solid tumors developing TLS, may be related to the relatively insignificant response of these tumors to cytotoxic therapy or immunotherapy [6].…”

“…Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a potential complication in cancer therapy, which is caused by the sudden, rapid death of cells, occurs much more commonly in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, such as Burkitt's lymphoma, and leukemias, in response to cancer therapies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. TLS is characterized by hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, lactic acidosis, acute renal failure (ARF) and increased mortality.…”

The Challenges of Treating Paraganglioma Patients with 177Lu-DOTATATE PRRT: Catecholamine Crises, Tumor Lysis Syndrome and the Need for Modification of Treatment Protocols

“…It is extremely rare in solid tumors and is more commonly seen in hematologic malignancies. Management involves clearing the plasma of high potassium, uric acid and phosphorus and prevention of acute renal failure by aggressive intravenous hydration [30][31][32]. Patient 1 exhibited the classical biochemical markers of tumor lysis syndrome within 12 h of 177 Lu-DOTATATE therapy with severely elevated potassium, phosphorus, low calcium and high creatinine levels, which were managed in the intensive care unit setting.…”

Bacteriolytic therapy of experimental pancreatic carcinoma

“…This phenomenon is recognized in the clinic as "tumor lysis syndrome" usually occurring in patients with bulky, rapidly proliferating tumors responding to treatment. Clinically, the syndrome is characterized by the development of hyperuricaemia, hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphataemia, hypocalcaemia, and acute renal failure [16] . Nevertheless, the tumor lysis syndrome appeared not to be the lethal cause in our experimental setting since clinical parameters, such as levels of serum uric acid and calcium were not altered (data not shown).…”