Tumor Organoid and Spheroid Models for Cervical Cancer

Kutle, Ivana; Polten, Robert; Hachenberg, Jens; Klapdor, Rüdiger; Morgan, Michael; Schambach, Axel

doi:10.3390/cancers15092518

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…This model of organoids provides an effective tool for the study of cervical cancer [ 60 ]. Advances in 3D modeling and the ability to replicate the tumor microenvironment and architecture more closely with these models have made 3D organoid models the new gold standard in pre-clinical drug studies [ 61 ]. Organoid models can be used to study drug sensitivity as well as radiation sensitivity, and when derived from patient cells, can be used to create personalized treatment plans, leading to better outcomes [ 62 , 63 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of Genistein’s Effects in Preclinical Models of Cervical Cancer

Nadile,

Kornel,

Sze

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Cervical cancer is associated with persistent Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infections and is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. Current treatment options; surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, are often associated with severe side effects including possible infertility. Novel treatment options are required to help combat this disease and reduce side effects. Many plant-derived chemicals, including paclitaxel and docetaxel, are already in use as treatments for various cancers. Genistein is a polyphenolic isoflavone found in foods including soybeans and legumes, and studies have shown that it has various biological effects and anti-cancer properties. This review aims to summarize the existing studies examining the effects of genistein on cervical cancer. All relevant in vitro and in vivo studies are summarized, and the key findings are highlighted in the associated tables. Based on the available in vitro/cell culture studies reported here, genistein inhibits cervical cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. Use of genistein in combination with radiation or chemotherapy agents resulted in enhanced response indicating radio- and chemo-sensitization properties. More animal studies are required to examine the effectiveness of genistein in vivo. Such studies will form the basis for future human studies exploring the potential of genistein to be used in the treatment of cervical cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of Genistein’s Effects in Preclinical Models of Cervical Cancer

Nadile,

Kornel,

Sze

et al. 2023

Cancers

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“…The 3D cell cultures also contribute to achieving a better insight into the mechanisms responsible for therapeutic escape and drug resistance, representing an effective tool to bridge the gap between the 2D in vitro and in vivo experimental models [31][32][33]. So far, advantages of the 3D cell systems over the "classical" 2D cultures have been reported for different cancer cells, including melanoma [34][35][36][37][38][39]. These studies have generated information about the metabolism and the response to drugs of melanoma cells, but a detailed characterization of EMT-related pathways in melanoma 3D cell cultures is still lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation States of Phenotypic Transition of Melanoma Cells Are Revealed by 3D Cell Cultures

Fontana,

Sommariva,

Anselmi

et al. 2024

Cells

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Melanoma is characterized by high metastatic potential favored by the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), leading melanoma cells to exhibit a spectrum of typical EMT markers. This study aimed to analyze the expression of EMT markers in A375 and BLM melanoma cell lines cultured in 2D monolayers and 3D spheroids using morphological and molecular methods. The expression of EMT markers was strongly affected by 3D arrangement and revealed a hybrid phenotype for the two cell lines. Indeed, although E-cadherin was almost undetectable in both A375 and BLM cells, cortical actin was detected in A375 2D monolayers and 3D spheroids and was strongly expressed in BLM 3D spheroids. The mesenchymal marker N-cadherin was significantly up-regulated in A375 3D spheroids while undetectable in BLM cells, but vimentin was similarly expressed in both cell lines at the gene and protein levels. This pattern suggests that A375 cells exhibit a more undifferentiated/mesenchymal phenotype, while BLM cells have more melanocytic/differentiated characteristics. Accordingly, the Zeb1 and 2, Slug, Snail and Twist gene expression analyses showed that they were differentially expressed in 2D monolayers compared to 3D spheroids, supporting this view. Furthermore, A375 cells are characterized by a greater invasive potential, strongly influenced by 3D arrangement, compared to the BLM cell line, as evaluated by SDS-zymography and TIMPs gene expression analysis. Finally, TGF-β1, a master controller of EMT, and lysyl oxidase (LOX), involved in melanoma progression, were strongly up-regulated by 3D arrangement in the metastatic BLM cells alone, likely playing a role in the metastatic phases of melanoma progression. Overall, these findings suggest that A375 and BLM cells possess a hybrid/intermediate phenotype in relation to the expression of EMT markers. The former is characterized by a more mesenchymal/undifferentiated phenotype, while the latter shows a more melanocytic/differentiated phenotype. Our results contribute to the characterization of the role of EMT in melanoma cells and confirm that a 3D cell culture model could provide deeper insight into our understanding of the biology of melanoma.

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“…In these models, cells grow as monolayers on a flat surface, leading to alterations in the cell morphology, cytoskeletal organization, and intercellular communication [11]. These changes result in modified gene and protein expression patterns that affect various cellular functions, including cell viability, proliferation, behavior, differentiation, and drug sensitivity [8][9][10][11][12]. Consequently, 2D tumor cell cultures fail to fully capture the biological and physiological conditions of actual tumors, including the complexities of their three-dimensional (3D) tissue architecture and functional characteristics related to drug response and resistance, rendering them inadequate for testing and developing anti-cancer therapies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Marine Collagen-Based 3D Scaffold for In Vitro Modeling of Human Prostate Cancer Niche and Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Discovery

Song,

Lim,

Kim

et al. 2024

Marine Drugs

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Recently, the need to develop a robust three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system that serves as a valuable in vitro tumor model has been emphasized. This system should closely mimic the tumor growth behaviors observed in vivo and replicate the key elements and characteristics of human tumors for the effective discovery and development of anti-tumor therapeutics. Therefore, in this study, we developed an effective 3D in vitro model of human prostate cancer (PC) using a marine collagen-based biomimetic 3D scaffold. The model displayed distinctive molecular profiles and cellular properties compared with those of the 2D PC cell culture. This was evidenced by (1) increased cell proliferation, migration, invasion, colony formation, and chemoresistance; (2) upregulated expression of crucial multidrug-resistance- and cancer-stemness-related genes; (3) heightened expression of key molecules associated with malignant progressions, such as epithelial–mesenchymal transition transcription factors, Notch, matrix metalloproteinases, and pluripotency biomarkers; (4) robust enrichment of prostate cancer stem cells (CSCs); and (5) enhanced expression of integrins. These results suggest that our 3D in vitro PC model has the potential to serve as a research platform for studying PC and prostate CSC biology, as well as for screening novel therapies targeting PC and prostate CSCs.

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Tumor Organoid and Spheroid Models for Cervical Cancer

Cited by 9 publications

References 148 publications

A Comprehensive Review of Genistein’s Effects in Preclinical Models of Cervical Cancer

A Comprehensive Review of Genistein’s Effects in Preclinical Models of Cervical Cancer

Differentiation States of Phenotypic Transition of Melanoma Cells Are Revealed by 3D Cell Cultures

A Marine Collagen-Based 3D Scaffold for In Vitro Modeling of Human Prostate Cancer Niche and Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Discovery

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