2003
DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00150-8
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Tumor Suppressor NM23-H1 Is a Granzyme A-Activated DNase during CTL-Mediated Apoptosis, and the Nucleosome Assembly Protein SET Is Its Inhibitor

Abstract: Granzyme A (GzmA) induces a caspase-independent cell death pathway characterized by single-stranded DNA nicks and other features of apoptosis. A GzmA-activated DNase (GAAD) is in an ER associated complex containing pp32 and the GzmA substrates SET, HMG-2, and Ape1. We show that GAAD is NM23-H1, a nucleoside diphosphate kinase implicated in suppression of tumor metastasis, and its specific inhibitor (IGAAD) is SET. NM23-H1 binds to SET and is released from inhibition by GzmA cleavage of SET. After GzmA loading … Show more

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Cited by 491 publications
(291 citation statements)
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“…In addition to cell cycle regulation, SET also participates in a diversity of other functions as regulation of PP2A activity, chromatin remodeling and transcription, histone acetylation and apoptosis (Li et al, 1996;Okuwaki and Nagata, 1998;Seo et al, 2001;Cervoni et al, 2002;Fan et al, 2003). Thus, the association of GAPDH with SET could also be a new mechanism involved in the regulation of these cellular functions that merits to be explored in the next future.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to cell cycle regulation, SET also participates in a diversity of other functions as regulation of PP2A activity, chromatin remodeling and transcription, histone acetylation and apoptosis (Li et al, 1996;Okuwaki and Nagata, 1998;Seo et al, 2001;Cervoni et al, 2002;Fan et al, 2003). Thus, the association of GAPDH with SET could also be a new mechanism involved in the regulation of these cellular functions that merits to be explored in the next future.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…SET/TAF-I␤/INHAT was first identified as a translocation breakpoint-encoded protein in acute undifferentiated leukemia (22). It is a multifunctional protein that has been shown to bind preferentially to histone H3 (23)(24)(25), exhibit histone chaperone activity (26), interact with various factors such as DNA-binding proteins (27,28) and proteases (29), and regulate transcription (27,28,30,31), replication (32), and apoptosis (33). In addition, SET/TAF-I␤/ INHAT inhibits the activity of histone acetyltransferases, which suggests that it regulates the nuclear activity that arises from the chemical modification of core histones (34).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A large body of research also indicates that NM23/NDKs can interact directly with other proteins to regulate or provide links between different cellular pathways (17, 18). Of note is the presence of NM23-H1/NDK-A/DNase in a DNA repair complex, where it interacts with the exonuclease TREX1 to degrade DNA during granzyme A-mediated cell death (11,19) as well as the interactions of NM23-H2/NDK-B with integrin (20) and with a membrane receptor protein (21). Whether the developmental and cancer-related functions of NM23/NDP kinases are driven by the chemical reactions they catalyze and/or by their protein/protein regulatory interactions remains to be elucidated.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%