“…The addition of CNTs also lowered the carbonization temperature, which can significantly reduce the energy consumption during CF manufacturing (28). Graphene, a single-layered two-dimensional (2D) carbon allotrope, demonstrates superior properties to CNTs, such as larger surface area, superior electron mobility, higher tensile strength, and Young's modulus, which make it ideal for various applications, such as energy storage, metamaterials, and reinforced composite materials (29)(30)(31)(32). Recently, graphene oxide (GO) liquid crystal, a derivate of graphene, was evaluated for the fabrication of CFs using various approaches, such as wet spinning, dry spinning, dry-jet wet spinning, electrophoretic self-assembly, and film shrinkage and twisting methods (33).…”