Tunical Outer Layer Plays an Essential Role in Penile Veno-occlusive Mechanism Evidenced from Electrocautery Effects to the Corpora Cavernosa in Defrosted Human Cadavers

Hsieh, Cheng‐Hsing; Huang, Yiping; Tsai, Mang-Hung; Chen, Heng-Shen; Huang, Po-Cheng; Lin, Chung-Wu; Hsu, Geng‐Long

doi:10.1016/j.urology.2015.07.054

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In order to evaluate the rats' erectile function, R-(-)-apomorphine, an inducer of penile erection, was used. The substance presents high affinity for D 2 -like receptors present in nucleoparaventricular oxytocinergic neurons of the hypothalamus [ 50 , 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Therapeutic Role of Dietary Supplementation with Spirulina platensis on the Erectile Function of Obese Rats Fed a Hypercaloric Diet

Diniz

Souza

Ferreira

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Spirulina platensis, an important source of bioactive compounds, is a multicellular, filamentous cyanobacterium rich in high-quality proteins, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Due to its nutrient composition, the alga is considered a complete food and is recognized for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiobesity, and reproprotective effects. All of which are important for prevention and treatment of organic and metabolic disorders such as obesity and erectile dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the modulatory role of Spirulina platensis food supplementation and the mechanisms of action involved in reversing the damage caused by a hypercaloric diet on the erectile function of rats. The animals were divided into a standard diet group (SD, n=5); a hypercaloric diet group (HCD, n=5); a hypercaloric diet group supplemented with S. platensis at doses of 25 (HCD+SP25, n=5), 50 (HCD+SP50, n=5), and 100 mg/kg (HCD+SP100, n=5); and a hypercaloric diet group subsequently fed a standard diet (HCD+SD, n=5). In the rats fed a hypercaloric diet, dietary supplementation with S. platensis effectively increased the number of erections while decreasing latency to initiate penile erection. Additionally, S. platensis increases NO bioavailability, reduces inflammation by reducing the release of contractile prostanoids, enhances the relaxation effect promoted by acetylcholine (ACh), restores contractile reactivity damage and cavernous relaxation, reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increases cavernous total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Food supplementation with S. platensis thus restores erectile function in obese rats, reduces production of contractile prostanoids, reduces oxidative stress, and increases NO bioavailability. Food supplementation with S. platensis thus emerges as a promising new therapeutic alternative for the treatment of erectile dysfunction as induced by obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Therapeutic Role of Dietary Supplementation with Spirulina platensis on the Erectile Function of Obese Rats Fed a Hypercaloric Diet

Diniz

Souza

Ferreira

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…This might be due to the single‐layered anatomy of tunica albuginea at 5–7 o'clock positions. The portion of tunica is weaker in structural integrity (Hsieh et al., 2012, 2015). Another plausible explanation of this topic is the graft shrinkage in the early period because of gravity‐guided penile orientation towards the ventral side.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penile curvature after Peyronie’s disease surgery: What are the risk factors?

et al. 2020

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Surgery is the golden standard for the treatment of patients with Peyronie's disease in chronic phase (12–18 months). Learning risk factors for post‐surgical curvature (>20°) would aid both surgeon and patient in their decision‐making process. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for residual/recurrent curvatures. The clinical data of the patients, who underwent reconstructive surgery for PD between 1997 and 2016, were retrospectively reviewed. Follow‐ups were performed via physical examination, surveys and phone calls. For shortening surgery (Nesbit/plication), initial bi‐planar curvature was proved to be a predictor of post‐operative curvature (p = .05). Lateral and ventral curvatures were associated with higher recurrence rates in patients who underwent grafting surgery (p = .01). In terms of baseline comorbidities, only diabetes mellitus had an association with curvature nonrecurrence for both shortening and lengthening surgeries (p < .05). Grafting surgery may be suggested to patients who had bi‐planar curvatures instead of Nesbit surgery. Nesbit plication surgery may be preferred for patients with lateral and ventral curvatures instead of grafting surgery. Higher cavernosal blood pressures and more nocturnal erections of nondiabetic young patients might impede plication sutures and grafts and therefore increase penile curvature recurrence.

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“…Venous return from the corpus cavernosum is via the emissary veins ( Fig. 3), which run obliquely between the inner and the outer layers of the tunica albuginea; this anatomical arrangement is essential for venoocclusion and erectile function [25]. Erection results from relaxation of the cavernosal smooth muscle, which allows blood to enter the lacunar spaces of the corpora cavernosa, thereby compressing the subtunical vesicles and impeding venous outflow ( Fig.…”

Section: Anatomy and Physiology Of The Penile Erectile Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a novel topical formulation of glyceryl trinitrate for the treatment of erectile dysfunction

Davis¹,

Reisman

2020

Int J Impot Res

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Erectile dysfunction (ED), defined as the inability to initiate or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual intercourse, is common, particularly in men aged ≥50 years. Existing treatments have significant limitations, and there remains a need for a fast-acting (to facilitate spontaneity during intercourse) and well tolerated local therapy. Topical glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) may meet this need because GTN undergoes rapid metabolism in penile smooth muscle and endothelial cells to produce nitric oxide, which plays a key role in the development of erection. This paper describes the rationale for the development of MED2005, a topical GTN formulation using DermaSys® technology, which is undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of ED. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that MED2005 provides rapid delivery of GTN following application to the glans penis, and a Phase 2(a) trial in men with ED showed that MED2005 produced significant improvements in erectile function, compared with placebo. MED2005 was well tolerated in this trial, with only 21 cases of headache in 1003 intercourse attempts. It is anticipated that MED2005 will provide an effective therapy for ED, with a fast onset of action, good local tolerability, and fewer contraindications than phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, the current cornerstone of ED therapy.

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Tunical Outer Layer Plays an Essential Role in Penile Veno-occlusive Mechanism Evidenced from Electrocautery Effects to the Corpora Cavernosa in Defrosted Human Cadavers

Abstract: We conclude that the tunica albuginea can prevent the electrocautery damage to intracavernous sinusoids once the ICP reached a level corresponding to a rigid erection. The outer tunica plays an essential role in fulfilling the veno-occlusive mechanism.

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Potential Therapeutic Role of Dietary Supplementation with Spirulina platensis on the Erectile Function of Obese Rats Fed a Hypercaloric Diet

Potential Therapeutic Role of Dietary Supplementation with Spirulina platensis on the Erectile Function of Obese Rats Fed a Hypercaloric Diet

Penile curvature after Peyronie’s disease surgery: What are the risk factors?

Development of a novel topical formulation of glyceryl trinitrate for the treatment of erectile dysfunction

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