Tuning Light Absorption in Core/Shell Silicon Nanowire Photovoltaic Devices through Morphological Design

Kim, Sun-Kyung; Day, Robert W.; Cahoon, James F.; Kempa, Thomas J.; Song, Kyung–Deok; Park, Hong Gyu; Lieber, Charles M.

doi:10.1021/nl302578z

Cited by 243 publications

(308 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[5][6][7][8] This study focuses on the light trapping properties of semiconductor nanowire arrays, which arise from their subwavelength features. Semiconductor nanowires and nanowire arrays can exhibit remarkable optical phenomena, such as reduced reflectance, [9][10][11] enhanced absorption, [12][13][14][15] and spectral selectivity, [16][17][18] which arise due to efficient coupling into discrete photonic modes. For individual nanowires, the photonic modes have been identified as leaky waveguide modes, 6,16 which are resonantly excited via illumination perpendicular to their axis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resonant absorption in semiconductor nanowires and nanowire arrays: Relating leaky waveguide modes to Bloch photonic crystal modes

Fountaine

Whitney

Atwater

2014

Journal of Applied Physics

108

107

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We present a unified framework for resonant absorption in periodic arrays of high index semiconductor nanowires that combines a leaky waveguide theory perspective and that of photonic crystals supporting Bloch modes, as array density transitions from sparse to dense. Full dispersion relations are calculated for each mode at varying illumination angles using the eigenvalue equation for leaky waveguide modes of an infinite dielectric cylinder. The dispersion relations along with symmetry arguments explain the selectivity of mode excitation and spectral red-shifting of absorption for illumination parallel to the nanowire axis in comparison to perpendicular illumination. Analysis of photonic crystal band dispersion for varying array density illustrates that the modes responsible for resonant nanowire absorption emerge from the leaky waveguide modes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resonant absorption in semiconductor nanowires and nanowire arrays: Relating leaky waveguide modes to Bloch photonic crystal modes

Fountaine

Whitney

Atwater

2014

Journal of Applied Physics

108

107

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“…1 Subwavelength structures on resonance can have scattering cross sections much larger than their geometrical sizes, 2,3 and the presence of multiple resonances leads to even more possibilities through mode hybridization 4 and interference effects. [5][6][7][8][9] A particularly interesting phenomenon is the suppressed scattering in nanostructures with multiple plasmonic resonances, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] plasmonic and excitonic resonances, [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] or dielectric resonances, 31,32 referred to collectively as a "scattering dark state." A wealth of models has been employed to describe this suppressed scattering, ranging from perturbative models, 12 generalization of the Fano formula, [13][14][15] and electrostatic approximation, 22,23 to coupled-mechanical-oscillator models.…”

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confidence: 99%

Theoretical Criteria for Scattering Dark States in Nanostructured Particles

et al. 2014

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Nanostructures with multiple resonances can exhibit a suppressed or even completely eliminated scattering of light, called a scattering dark state. We describe this phenomenon with a general treatment of light scattering from a multi-resonant nanostructure that is spherical or non-spherical but subwavelength in size. With multiple resonances in the same channel (i.e. same angular momentum and polarization), coherent interference always leads to scattering dark states in the low-absorption limit, regardless of the system details. The coupling between resonances is inevitable and can be interpreted as arising from far-field or near-field. This is a realization of coupled- and interference effects. 5-9 A particularly interesting phenomenon is the suppressed scattering in nanostructures with multiple plasmonic resonances, [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] plasmonic and excitonic resonances, [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] or dielectric resonances, 31,32 referred to collectively as a "scattering dark state." A wealth of models has been employed to describe this suppressed scattering, ranging from perturbative models, 12 generalization of the Fano formula, 13-15 and electrostatic approximation, 22,23 to coupled-mechanical-oscillator models. 17-21 These models reveal valuable insights and facilitate the design of specific structures with desired line shapes. However, the general criteria for observing such scattering dark states remain unclear. Non-scattering states have been known in atomic physics since the early works of Fano 33 and have been discovered in a variety of nanoscale systems in recent years [5][6][7][8]34,35 . However, Fano resonances generally concern the interference between a narrow discrete resonance and a broad resonance or continuum. Meanwhile, many occurrences of the scattering dark state involve the interference between multiple narrow discrete resonances, and it seems necessary to treat the multiple resonances at equal footing. Thus, we seek a formalism analogous to the phenomenon of coupled-resonator-induced transparency 5 that has been established in certain other systems such as coupled mechanical oscillators 36,37 , coupled cavities 38,39 , coupled microring resonators [40][41][42][43][44] , and planar metamaterials [45][46][47][48] .Here, we derive the general equations governing the resonant light scattering from a spherical or a non-spherical but subwavelength obstacle, accounting for multiple resonances with low loss. Due to the spherical symmetry (or the small size) of the obstacle, different channels of the multipole fields are decoupled. We find that within each channel, n resonances always lead to n − 1 scattering dark states in the low-absorption limit. This universal result is independent of the radiative decay rates of the resonances, method of coupling (can be 3 near-field or far-field), nature of the resonances (can be plasmon, exciton, whispering-gallery, etc.), number of resonances, which of the multipole, TE or TM polarization, and other system det...

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“…The impinging light is strongly confined inside those photonic structures enhancing the photocarrier generation, as it has been observed in nanowire resonators 2,3 and in the electrooptical response of the optical cavities [4][5][6] . Simultaneously, photoexcited carriers are generated close to the collecting electrodes, boosting the power generation in photovoltaic cells [7][8][9][10][11] . Furthermore, thanks to an increased absorption near the band gap edge, some recent works report on efficiency values beyond the SQ limit 10,11 .…”

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confidence: 99%

All-silicon spherical-Mie-resonator photodiode with spectral response in the infrared region

et al. 2014

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Silicon is the material of choice for visible light photodetection and solar cell fabrication. However, due to the intrinsic band gap properties of silicon, most infrared photons are energetically useless. Here, we show the first example of a photodiode developed on a micrometre scale sphere made of polycrystalline silicon whose photocurrent shows the Mie modes of a classical spherical resonator. The long dwell time of resonating photons enhances the photocurrent response, extending it into the infrared region well beyond the absorption edge of bulk silicon. It opens the door for developing solar cells and photodetectors that may harvest infrared light more efficiently than silicon photovoltaic devices that are so far developed.

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Tuning Light Absorption in Core/Shell Silicon Nanowire Photovoltaic Devices through Morphological Design

Abstract: Lieber. 2012. Tuning light absorption in core/shell silicon nanowire photovoltaic devices through morphological design. Nano Letters 12(9): 4971-4976.Published Version

Cited by 243 publications

References 35 publications

Resonant absorption in semiconductor nanowires and nanowire arrays: Relating leaky waveguide modes to Bloch photonic crystal modes

Resonant absorption in semiconductor nanowires and nanowire arrays: Relating leaky waveguide modes to Bloch photonic crystal modes

Theoretical Criteria for Scattering Dark States in Nanostructured Particles

All-silicon spherical-Mie-resonator photodiode with spectral response in the infrared region

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