Tuning the surface properties of biochar by thermal treatment

Mendonça, Fernanda G.; Cunha, Igor T.; Soares, Ricardo R.; Tristão, Juliana Cristina; Lago, Rochel M.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.099

Cited by 67 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Specific surface area increased with increasing pyrolysis temperature, as shown by others (Domingues et al 2017;Luo et al 2015). This is a function of shrinking the solid matrix, causing relatively large pores to become smaller and thus increasing overall SSA (Weber and Quicker 2018;de Mendonça et al 2017). Surface area has been previously correlated with sorption/retention of nutrients and contaminants, while pore volume (which, in general increases with pyrolysis temperature) is assumed to affect water availability and soil aeration (Ajayi and Horn 2016;Qambrani et al 2017).…”

Section: Pyrolysis Temperaturementioning

confidence: 80%

Feedstock choice, pyrolysis temperature and type influence biochar characteristics: a comprehensive meta-data analysis review

Ippolito

Cui

Kammann

et al. 2020

Biochar

481

208

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Various studies have established that feedstock choice, pyrolysis temperature, and pyrolysis type influence final biochar physicochemical characteristics. However, overarching analyses of pre-biochar creation choices and correlations to biochar characteristics are severely lacking. Thus, the objective of this work was to help researchers, biochar-stakeholders, and practitioners make more well-informed choices in terms of how these three major parameters influence the final biochar product. Utilizing approximately 5400 peer-reviewed journal articles and over 50,800 individual data points, herein we elucidate the selections that influence final biochar physical and chemical properties, total nutrient content, and perhaps more importantly tools one can use to predict biochar’s nutrient availability. Based on the large dataset collected, it appears that pyrolysis type (fast or slow) plays a minor role in biochar physico- (inorganic) chemical characteristics; few differences were evident between production styles. Pyrolysis temperature, however, affects biochar’s longevity, with pyrolysis temperatures > 500 °C generally leading to longer-term (i.e., > 1000 years) half-lives. Greater pyrolysis temperatures also led to biochars containing greater overall C and specific surface area (SSA), which could promote soil physico-chemical improvements. However, based on the collected data, it appears that feedstock selection has the largest influence on biochar properties. Specific surface area is greatest in wood-based biochars, which in combination with pyrolysis temperature could likely promote greater changes in soil physical characteristics over other feedstock-based biochars. Crop- and other grass-based biochars appear to have cation exchange capacities greater than other biochars, which in combination with pyrolysis temperature could potentially lead to longer-term changes in soil nutrient retention. The collected data also suggest that one can reasonably predict the availability of various biochar nutrients (e.g., N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Cu) based on feedstock choice and total nutrient content. Results can be used to create designer biochars to help solve environmental issues and supply a variety of plant-available nutrients for crop growth.

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Section: Pyrolysis Temperaturementioning

confidence: 80%

Feedstock choice, pyrolysis temperature and type influence biochar characteristics: a comprehensive meta-data analysis review

Ippolito

Cui

Kammann

et al. 2020

Biochar

481

208

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The D band originates from sp 3 hybridization, while the G band is characteristic of crystalline graphitic/sp 2 carbon atoms (Hussain et al, 2012 ; Yan et al, 2016 ). The ratio of G band intensity to D band intensity ( I G / I D ) of BC700 was higher than that of BC500 and BC300, which indicated that the ratio of disordered/ordered graphene structures was increased for BC700 (Mendonça et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Adsorption Studies of Doxycycline and Ciprofloxacin Antibiotics by Biochars Prepared at Different Temperatures

et al. 2018

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This paper comparatively investigated the removal efficiency and mechanisms of rice straw biochars prepared under three pyrolytic temperatures for two kinds of tetracycline and quinolone antibiotics (doxycycline and ciprofloxacin). The influencing factors of antibiotic adsorption (including biochar dosage, pH, background electrolytes, humic acid, initial antibiotics concentration, contact time, and temperature) were comprehensively studied. The results suggest that biochars produced at high-temperature [i.e., 700°C (BC700)], have higher adsorption capacity for the two antibiotics than low-temperature (i.e., 300–500°C) biochars (BC300 and BC500). Higher surface area gives rise to greater volume of micropores and mesopores, and higher graphitic surfaces of the BC700 contributed to its higher functionality. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be in the following order: DOX > CIP. The π-π EDA interaction and hydrogen bonding might be the predominant adsorption mechanisms. Findings in this study highlight the important roles of high-temperature biochars in controlling the contamination of tetracycline and quinolone antibiotics in the environment.

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“…The presence of D band is a signature of degree of amorphization, since this band is not related to the selection rules of the detectable vibrational modes through Raman scattering, according to structure of the graphite crystalline lattice (Tuinstra & Koenig, 1970). Formation of amorphous structures probably occurs due to decomposition of amorphous organic structures during the pyrolysis process (Mendonça, Cunha, Soares, Tristão, & Lago, 2017).…”

Section: Biochar Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coconut fiber biochar alters physical and chemical properties in sandy soils

Guarnieri¹,

Nascimento

Costa

et al. 2021

Acta Sci. Agron.

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This work aimed to characterize the biochar produced from residues of coconut fruit and to evaluate how it might beneficially alter the retention capacity of water and nutrients in soils with a sandy texture. The biochar was produced in a retort furnace and later analyzed to determine its chemical and physical characteristics. Experiments to analyze the retention potential of the biochar for water and nutrients were performed in PVC columns filled to a 400 mm depth, with the upper 300 mm receiving treatments that consisted of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% (p p-1) biochar mixed with soil. For the nutrient retention experiment, in addition to the biochar concentrations, the treatments received the same NPK fertilization. The experiments were performed in a completely randomized design with four replications. The water retention in the upper 300 mm, as well as the pH, effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) of the substrate, base saturation, and concentrations of P and K, increased with increasing biochar concentration. Coconut biochar demonstrated potential for increasing water retention and improving nutrient retention in sandy soils.

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Tuning the surface properties of biochar by thermal treatment

Cited by 67 publications

References 45 publications

Feedstock choice, pyrolysis temperature and type influence biochar characteristics: a comprehensive meta-data analysis review

Feedstock choice, pyrolysis temperature and type influence biochar characteristics: a comprehensive meta-data analysis review

Comprehensive Adsorption Studies of Doxycycline and Ciprofloxacin Antibiotics by Biochars Prepared at Different Temperatures

Coconut fiber biochar alters physical and chemical properties in sandy soils

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