Tunnel Magnetoresistance-Based Noncontact Current Sensing and Measurement Method

Li, Jiaxian; Liu, Hao; Bi, Tianshu

doi:10.1109/tim.2022.3152240

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, the structure of these sensors is very complex, and the processing challenges are serious. Among the state-of-the-art studies, Li et al [142] designed an array-type current sensor with four TMR chips without enclosing conductors; the advantages of the simple structure, good robustness, lack of disconnected circuit installation, and low computational burden of the sensor in this study are better than those of the sensors in previous studies.…”

Section: B Magnetoresistive Sensingmentioning

confidence: 93%

High-Current Sensing Technology for Transparent Power Grids: A Review

Sun,

Huang,

Peng

2024

IEEE Open J. Ind. Electron. Soc.

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The global energy industry is moving towards a trend of green and low-carbon transformation. A transparent power grid represents a new development form under this energy transition trend, integrating the power grid with new generation information and communication technologies, exemplified by the internet. The use of micro smart sensors allows real-time monitoring of many important parameters of power systems via current, which is crucial for ensuring safe, stable, intelligent, and green power grid operation. Here, based on the development logic of current sensing technology for traditional-smarttransparent power grids, we focus our research on high-current sensing in a transparent power grid. First, we review the widely used traditional current sensing methods of shunts and Rogowski coils. More advanced optical fiber current sensing methods and microelectromechanical system current sensing chips are then introduced, which are more suitable for the smart sensing requirements of transparent power grids. In addition, we present and discuss the technical characteristics, research status, application scope, advantages and disadvantages, and future development directions of the above methods in detail. Finally, we address many essential challenges including miniaturization, integration, low power consumption, passive wireless sensing, long-range operation, and complex environmental parameters in the comprehensive intelligent and transparent sensing of current parameters in power grids. To address these challenges, we present three possible development directions: sensor improvement, development of communication and networking technologies for sensors, and advancement of intelligent and fast processing methods through communication.

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Section: B Magnetoresistive Sensingmentioning

confidence: 93%

High-Current Sensing Technology for Transparent Power Grids: A Review

Sun,

Huang,

Peng

2024

IEEE Open J. Ind. Electron. Soc.

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“…The high-accuracy power signal generator and calibrator Omicron CMC 256plus provides the synchronized threephase voltages used to characterize the device under test in different test conditions [22], [23]. Its high accuracy allows for testing a wide range of devices, including energy meters of class 0.2.…”

Section: Experimental Test Setup and Data Analysis A Test Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Behavior of PMU Measurement Errors: An Experimental Characterization

Castello

Muscas

Pegoraro

2022

IEEE Open J. Instrum. Meas.

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Different power system applications based on synchrophasors measured in different nodes of the electric grid require information about the statistical distribution of the errors introduced by the Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). The performance of these applications can be significantly affected by possible incorrect assumptions. The Gaussian distribution has been historically assumed in most of the approaches, but some more recent studies suggest the possibility of considering different distributions for a more accurate modeling of the actual situation. In this paper, proper statistical tools applied to the results achieved through a high performance experimental test system are proposed to assess the statistical distribution of PMU errors under controlled steady-state conditions, thus providing a basis for defining suitable models to be used in the specific applications.

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“…Three different technologies of magnetoresistances have been applied in current sensing: anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) [9], giant magnetoresistance (GMR) [10], and tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) [2,11]. The TMRs are better in terms of temperature stability, power consumption, and size [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Magnetoresistive Shunts and Its Sensitivity Temperature Compensation

Ramírez-Muñoz,

García-Gil,

Cardoso

et al. 2024

Sensors

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The main purpose of the paper is to show how a magnetoresistive (MR) element can work as a current sensor instead of using a Wheatstone bridge composed by four MR elements, defining the concept of a magnetoresistive shunt (MR-shunt). This concept is reached by considering that once the MR element is biased at a constant current, the voltage drop between its terminals offers information, by the MR effect, of the current to be measured, as happens in a conventional shunt resistor. However, an MR-shunt has the advantage of being a non-dissipative shunt since the current of interest does not circulate through the material, preventing its self-heating. Moreover, it provides galvanic isolation. First, we propose an electronic circuitry enabling the utilization of the available MR sensors integrated into a Wheatstone bridge as sensing elements (MR-shunt). This circuitry allows independent characterization of each of the four elements of the bridge. An independently implemented MR element is also analyzed. Secondly, we propose an electronic conditioning circuit for the MR-shunt, which allows both the bridge-integrated element and the single element to function as current sensors in a similar way to the sensing bridge. Third, the thermal variation in the sensitivity of the MR-shunt, and its temperature coefficient, are obtained. An electronic interface is proposed and analyzed for thermal drift compensation of the MR-shunt current sensitivity. With this hardware compensation, temperature coefficients are experimentally reduced from 0.348%/°C without compensation to −0.008%/°C with compensation for an element integrated in a sensor bridge and from 0.474%/°C to −0.0007%/°C for the single element.

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Tunnel Magnetoresistance-Based Noncontact Current Sensing and Measurement Method

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

High-Current Sensing Technology for Transparent Power Grids: A Review

High-Current Sensing Technology for Transparent Power Grids: A Review

Statistical Behavior of PMU Measurement Errors: An Experimental Characterization

Characterization of Magnetoresistive Shunts and Its Sensitivity Temperature Compensation

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