Turbulence and Complexity of Magnetospheric Plasmas

Echim, Marius; Chang, Tom; Kovács, Péter; Wawrzaszek, Anna; Yordanova, Emiliya; Narita, Yasuhito; Vörös, Z.; Bruno, R.; Macek, Wiesław M.; Мурсула, К.; Consolini, Giuseppe

doi:10.1002/9781119815624.ch5

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…3.1.4. Future studies of chaos, complexity, and intermittent turbulence in space plasmas can be improved by extending the temporal dynamical systems approach to the spatiotemporal dynamical systems approach (Chian et al 2010a(Chian et al , 2020, and making use of other powerful nonlinear dynamical tools such as the rank-order multifractal analysis (ROMA) (Chang and Wu 2008;Chang 2015;Echim et al 2021) and the S-theorem (Klimontovich 1995;Consolini and De Michelis 2014;Stumpo et al 2021). Knowledge on the formation and evolution of coherent structures such as soliton, vortex, magnetic island, magnetic flux rope, current sheet, and their interaction with turbulence via magnetic reconnection or merger of magnetic flux tubes in space plasmas can help us to probe similar stochastic nonlinear dynamical processes in astrophysical and laboratory plasmas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solar-terrestrial environment is an electrodynamically coupled system dominated by stochastic nonlinear dynamical interactions (Clemmow and Dougherty 1969;Rempel et al 2008;Chang 2015;Echim et al 2021;Miranda et al 2021). The complex dynamics of solar-terrestrial plasmas, e.g., coronal mass ejections, solar flares, and geomagnetic storms, are an indication that the space plasma system is in a state far from equilibrium whereby instabilities, nonlinear waves, chaos, and turbulence play fundamental roles in the system dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear dynamics in space plasma turbulence: temporal stochastic chaos

Chian

Borotto

Hada

et al. 2022

Rev. Mod. Plasma Phys.

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Intermittent turbulence is key for understanding the stochastic nonlinear dynamics of space, astrophysical, and laboratory plasmas. We review the theory of deterministic and stochastic temporal chaos in plasmas and discuss its link to intermittent turbulence observed in space plasmas. First, we discuss the theory of chaos, intermittency, and complexity for nonlinear Alfvén waves, and parametric decay and modulational wave–wave interactions, in the absence/presence of noise. The transition from order to chaos is studied using the bifurcation diagram. The following two types of deterministic intermittent chaos in plasmas are considered: type-I Pomeau–Manneville intermittency and crisis-induced intermittency. The role of structures known as chaotic saddles in deterministic and stochastic chaos in plasmas is investigated. Alfvén complexity associated with noise-induced intermittency, in the presence of multistability, is studied. Next, we present evidence of magnetic reconnection and intermittent magnetic turbulence in coronal mass ejections in the solar corona and solar wind via remote and in situ observations. The signatures of turbulent magnetic reconnection, i.e., bifurcated current sheet, reconnecting jet, parallel/anti-parallel Alfvénic waves, and spiky dynamical pressure pulse, as well as fully developed turbulence, are detected at the leading edge of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection and the interface region of two merging interplanetary magnetic flux ropes. Methods for quantifying the degree of coherence, amplitude–phase synchronization, and multifractality of nonlinear multiscale fluctuations are discussed. The stochastic chaotic nature of Alfvénic intermittent structures driven by magnetic reconnection is determined by a complexity–entropy analysis. Finally, we discuss the relation of nonlinear dynamics and intermittent turbulence in space plasmas to similar phenomena observed in astrophysical and laboratory plasmas, e.g., coronal mass ejections and flares in the stellar-exoplanetary environment and Galactic Center, as well as chaos, magnetic reconnection, and intermittent turbulence in laser-plasma and nuclear fusion experiments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear dynamics in space plasma turbulence: temporal stochastic chaos

Chian

Borotto

Hada

et al. 2022

Rev. Mod. Plasma Phys.

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“…Turbulence appears in many real systems in nature, including various fluids with embedded magnetic fields (Frisch 1995;Biskamp 2003). In particular, space and astrophysical plasmas are natural laboratories for investigating the dynamics of turbulence (Chang 2015;Bruno & Carbone 2016;Echim et al 2021). This is a complex phenomenon that contains deterministic and random components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Papini et al (2021) have recently argued that the turbulence energy at kinetic scales could not be related to KAW activity but is mainly driven by localized nonlinear structures. Certainly, it is possible that the observed stochastic nature of fluctuations in the sub-ion scale could be due to the interaction between coherent structures (e.g., Chang 2015;Echim et al 2021), including local reconnection processes at kinetic scales (Macek et al 2019a(Macek et al , 2019b. Admittedly, the nature of wave modes in operation cannot be determined by statistical analysis, but we hope that the Markov approach will provide a contact point with a dynamical system approach to turbulence and hence that the results of this study will be useful in future investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations of Markov Turbulence on Kinetic Scales

Macek

Wójcik

Burch

2023

ApJ

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In our previous studies we have examined solar wind and magnetospheric plasma turbulence, including Markovian character on large inertial magnetohydrodynamic scales. Here we present the results of the statistical analysis of magnetic field fluctuations in the Earth’s magnetosheath, based on the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission at much smaller kinetic scales. Following our results on spectral analysis with very large slopes of about −16/3, we apply a Markov-process approach to turbulence in this kinetic regime. It is shown that the Chapman–Kolmogorov equation is satisfied and that the lowest-order Kramers–Moyal coefficients describing drift and diffusion with a power-law dependence are consistent with a generalized Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. The solutions of the Fokker–Planck equation agree with experimental probability density functions, which exhibit a universal global scale invariance through the kinetic domain. In particular, for moderate scales we have the kappa distribution described by various peaked shapes with heavy tails, which, with large values of the kappa parameter, are reduced to the Gaussian distribution for large inertial scales. This shows that the turbulence cascade can be described by the Markov processes also on very small scales. The obtained results on kinetic scales may be useful for a better understanding of the physical mechanisms governing turbulence.

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“…At these scales, the magnetohydrodynamic description is no longer valid and viscous-resistive dissipation is replaced by field-particle interactions, whose effects on spectra and intermittency are still not completely understood. Additionally, several works have also studied the properties of turbulence in the near-Earth plasmas [8], in particular in the highly turbulent magnetosheath (MSH), showing the presence of strongly intermittent fluctuations. The magnetosheath is the turbulent, slowed down, compressed and heated solar wind plasma confined between the bow shock (BS) and the magnetopause.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Quasi-Parallel and Quasi-Perpendicular Configuration in the Terrestrial Magnetosheath: Multifractal Analysis

Gurchumelia

Sorriso‐Valvo²,

Burgess³

et al. 2022

Front. Phys.

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The terrestrial magnetosheath is characterized by large-amplitude magnetic field fluctuations. In some regions, and depending on the bow-shock geometry, these can be observed on several scales, and show the typical signatures of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Using Cluster data, magnetic field spectra and flatness are observed in two intervals separated by a sharp transition from quasi-parallel to quasi-perpendicular magnetic field with respect to the bow-shock normal. The multifractal generalized dimensions Dq and the corresponding multifractal spectrum f(α) were estimated using a coarse-graining method. A p-model fit was used to obtain a single parameter to describe quantitatively the strength of multifractality and intermittency. Results show a clear transition and sharp differences in the intermittency properties for the two regions, with the quasi-parallel turbulence being more intermittent.

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Turbulence and Complexity of Magnetospheric Plasmas

Cited by 14 publications

References 166 publications

Nonlinear dynamics in space plasma turbulence: temporal stochastic chaos

Nonlinear dynamics in space plasma turbulence: temporal stochastic chaos

Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations of Markov Turbulence on Kinetic Scales

Comparing Quasi-Parallel and Quasi-Perpendicular Configuration in the Terrestrial Magnetosheath: Multifractal Analysis

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