Turnabout is fair play

Krachler, Anne Marie; Ham, Hyeilin; Orth, Kim

doi:10.4161/viru.3.1.18172

Cited by 28 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It should be noted that this approach was not interfering with the bacterial-host receptor binding process directly, but via a bacterial-host receptor competition strategy after the pre-exposition of the host-receptor binding pocket to bead-coupled MAM7. The results brought to light a potential application of MAM7 as a prophylactic agent against multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens [189,190].…”

Section: Inhibition Of Bacterial Adhesion As a Possible Therapeutic Smentioning

confidence: 98%

Interaction with the host: the role of fibronectin and extracellular matrix proteins in the adhesion of Gram-negative bacteria

Vaca

Thibau

Schütz

et al. 2019

Med Microbiol Immunol

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The capacity of pathogenic microorganisms to adhere to host cells and avoid clearance by the host immune system is the initial and most decisive step leading to infections. Bacteria have developed different strategies to attach to diverse host surface structures. One important strategy is the adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (e.g., collagen, fibronectin, laminin) that are highly abundant in connective tissue and basement membranes. Gram-negative bacteria express variable outer membrane proteins (adhesins) to attach to the host and to initiate the process of infection. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of bacterial adhesion is a prerequisite for targeting this interaction by "anti-ligands" to prevent colonization or infection of the host. Future development of such "anti-ligands" (specifically interfering with bacteria-host matrix interactions) might result in the development of a new class of anti-infective drugs for the therapy of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. This review summarizes our current knowledge about the manifold interactions of adhesins expressed by Gram-negative bacteria with ECM proteins and the use of this information for the generation of novel therapeutic antivirulence strategies.

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Section: Inhibition Of Bacterial Adhesion As a Possible Therapeutic Smentioning

confidence: 98%

Interaction with the host: the role of fibronectin and extracellular matrix proteins in the adhesion of Gram-negative bacteria

Vaca

Thibau

Schütz

et al. 2019

Med Microbiol Immunol

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“…These insight on MAM7 provide a new perspective on bacterial and host cell interactions ( Krachler et al, 2011 ). Furthermore, the discovery of MAM7 led to new research investigating this molecules potential as a therapeutic agent for many Gram-negative bacteria including V. parahaemolyticus ( Krachler et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Vibrio Parahaemolyticusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio parahaemolyticus: a review on the pathogenesis, prevalence, and advance molecular identification techniques

2014

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative halophilic bacterium that is found in estuarine, marine and coastal environments. V. parahaemolyticus is the leading causal agent of human acute gastroenteritis following the consumption of raw, undercooked, or mishandled marine products. In rare cases, V. parahaemolyticus causes wound infection, ear infection or septicaemia in individuals with pre-existing medical conditions. V. parahaemolyticus has two hemolysins virulence factors that are thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh)-a pore-forming protein that contributes to the invasiveness of the bacterium in humans, and TDH-related hemolysin (trh), which plays a similar role as tdh in the disease pathogenesis. In addition, the bacterium is also encodes for adhesions and type III secretion systems (T3SS1 and T3SS2) to ensure its survival in the environment. This review aims at discussing the V. parahaemolyticus growth and characteristics, pathogenesis, prevalence and advances in molecular identification techniques.

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“…These microvilli are actin-filled fingerlike projections, and their integrity is often disrupted by enteric pathogens that colonise and multiply on their surface (Zhou et al, 2014). In the course of an infection, enteric pathogenic microbes often produce pili structures that tightly adhere to the microvilli on the epithelium surface, displace the luminal microbiota, hijack host signalling pathways, and disrupt the defence barrier (Ashida, Ogawa, Kim, Mimuro, & Sasakawa, 2011 into the blood stream (Krachler, Ham, & Orth, 2012;Lim et al, 2014;Stones & Krachler, 2015). Because V. parahaemolyticus is also able to attach to and colonise the midgut surface in shrimp (Soonthornchai, Chaiyapechara, Jarayabhand, Soderhall, & Jiravanichpaisal, 2015), it seems likely that 5HP may also be using the same strategy to activate Rho signalling in the host animal.…”

Section: Changes In the Rho Pathway During Ahpnd Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rho signalling pathway mediates the pathogenicity of AHPND‐causing V. parahaemolyticus in shrimp

Lin

et al. 2018

Cellular Microbiology

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An emerging bacterial disease, acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), is caused by strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus with an additional AHPND-associated plasmid pVA1 encoding a virulent toxin (Pir ) that damages the shrimp's hepatopancreas. Like other species of Vibrio, these virulent strains initially colonise the shrimp's stomach, but it is not yet understood how the bacteria or toxins are subsequently able to cross the epithelial barrier and reach the hepatopancreas. Here, by using transcriptomics and system biology methods, we investigate AHPND-induced changes in the stomach of AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus (5HP)-infected shrimp and identify host molecular mechanisms that might explain how the integrity of the stomach barrier is compromised. We found that the expression of 376 unique genes was differentially regulated by AHPND infection. Gene ontology, protein interaction, and gene-to-gene correlation expression interaction analyses indicated that in addition to the immune system, a number of these genes were involved in cytoskeleton regulation by Rho GTPase. The involvement of Rho pathway regulation during AHPND pathogenesis was further supported by experiments showing that while Rho inhibitor pretreatment delayed the infection, pretreatment with Rho activator enhanced the pathogenicity of 5HP, and both the bacteria and toxin were detected sooner in the hepatopancreas. Further, disruption of the stomach epithelial structure was found in both Rho preactivated shrimp and in 5HP-infected shrimp. Taken together, we interpret our results to mean that Rho signalling helps to mediate AHPND pathogenesis in shrimp.

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Turnabout is fair play

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Interaction with the host: the role of fibronectin and extracellular matrix proteins in the adhesion of Gram-negative bacteria

Interaction with the host: the role of fibronectin and extracellular matrix proteins in the adhesion of Gram-negative bacteria

Vibrio parahaemolyticus: a review on the pathogenesis, prevalence, and advance molecular identification techniques

The Rho signalling pathway mediates the pathogenicity of AHPND‐causing V. parahaemolyticus in shrimp

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