Turnover of the fatty acyl and glycerol moieties of microsomal membrane lipids from liver, gill and muscle tissue of thermally acclimated rainbow trout,Salmo gairdneri

Hazel, Jeffrey R.; Neas, N. P.

doi:10.1007/bf00735709

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The fact that gill polar lipid was observed to be more compositionally plastic with respect to temperature than muscle polar lipid may reflect the greater importance of homeoviscous adaptation within the gill as an organ primarily responsible for cross-membrane exchange of materials. During cold adaptation of gilthead seabream Sparus aurata, the degree of unsaturation was observed to increase in gill and muscle polar lipids, but not liver polar lipids (Ibarz et al 2005), supporting the hypothesis that the extent, capacity, or both, for homeoviscous adaptation varies among tissues, based perhaps on their function (Hazel and Neas 1982;Lee and Cossins 1990).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Temperature Affects Growth and Tissue Fatty Acid Composition of Juvenile Atlantic Spadefish

et al. 2012

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The Atlantic spadefish Chaetodipterus faber holds potential as an aquaculture species, but successful intensive production of this species will depend on the identification of proper husbandry methods, including the use of optimal water temperatures. Accordingly, we evaluated the growth performance and tissue composition of juveniles (37.8 ± 0.5 g [mean ± SE]) reared at 20, 25, or 30 • C in indoor recirculation systems (three 100-L tanks per temperature, five fish per tank) for 8 weeks. Weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and feed intake were significantly affected by water temperature, and increasing temperature yielded greater feed intake and growth rates as well as lower feed conversion values. Although performance observed at 25 • C was statistically similar, growth and growth efficiency were nonetheless marginally superior within the 30 • C treatment group. Fish exhibited differences in the fatty acid composition of neutral and polar lipid fractions of gill and muscle tissue that were broadly consistent with homeoviscous adaptation to cooler or warmer water temperatures; specifically, increasing proportions of unsaturated and longer-chain fatty acids were observed in fish from cooler water temperatures. This suggests that unsaturates, particularly long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids that are associated with maximum membrane fluidity at cold temperatures, are critical in the diet of Atlantic spadefish depending on culture conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Temperature Affects Growth and Tissue Fatty Acid Composition of Juvenile Atlantic Spadefish

et al. 2012

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“…External factor such as temperature may also influence incorporation of fatty acids (Tocher and Sargent, 1990) or turn over (Hazel and Neas, 1982). In the experiment used here Turbot were always grown in constant temperature (17°C), while brown trout were in natural temperature (increasing from 8 to 12°C).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acid profile of fish following a change in dietary fatty acid source: model of fatty acid composition with a dilution hypothesis

et al. 2003

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The fatty acid (FA) content of fish is generally said to reflect fatty acid composition of the diet. In fact, incorporation of FA into tissues is modulated by various metabolic factors, and final composition will depend upon the initial FA content, cumulative intake of dietary fatty acids, growth rate and duration. Analysis of time course of changes in FA composition should be easier with animals having different initial FA profiles, which are subsequently fed a diet with the same FA composition. Data from two studies, one with brown trout and another with turbot were used. Fish were first fed with diets containing one of three different oils (soybean oil (SO), linseed oil (LO) and fish oil (FO)), and subsequently fed the same fish oil-based diet (washout period). If we suppose a model fish having the same initial composition as those fed vegetable oil and which incorporate fatty acid in the same way as the control fish always fed fish oil, we may compute a model of dilution of initial fatty acid content with increasing growth and absolute fat deposition. Experimental data can be compared with a reference fatty acid profile given by this model for the same fatty acid increase. Application of the model to experimental data shows that while muscle neutral lipid (NL) FAs roughly follow this dilution model, those of muscle polar lipids (PL) undergo much faster changes than model values based on increase of total polar lipid quantities. Among observed differences between the model and experimental values, DHA is of particular interest as this fatty acid displays lower change rates (significant in turbot neutral lipids) than expected in contrast to other fatty acids.

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“…Even though the substrate specificity of the microsomal phospholipases in trout liver is not temperature dependent, this does not rule out a significant role for the D/R cycle in the temperature acclimation process, for the turnover of membrane acyl groups remains active at low temperature, and in cold-acclimated trout, the fatty acyl moiety of PC turns over more rapidly (t,/, = 4.7 days) then glycerol (tv2 = 7.5 days) (Hazel and Neas 1982). However, the present results indicate that any substrate specificity inherent in the process of acyl group turnover must reside in the biosynthetic (i.e., the lysophospholipid acyltransferase) rather than the catabolic (i.e., phospholipase) limb of the D/R cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of molecular species catabolism in the temperature-induced restructuring of phosphatidylcholines in liver microsomes of thermally-acclimated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Hazel

1996

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Most previous studies of the temperature-induced restructuring of phospholipid molecular species composition have examined steps in the biosynthesis of phospholipids to explain the accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids in membranes of cold-acclimated poikilotherms. In contrast, the present study explores the role of phospholipases in this restructuring process by determining the rates of degradation of specific molecular species of phosphatidylcholine, using enzymes (microsomes) freshly isolated from the liver of rainbow trout. (Oncorhynchus mykiss) acclimated to either 5° or 20°C. The substrate preparation employed to assay phospholipase activity possessed a range of molecular species, all radiolabeled with 1-(14)C-palmitic acid at thesn-1 position, similar to that present in native trout liver microsomes. After defined periods of incubation (120 and 240 min at 5°C; 60 and 120 min at 20°C), phospholipids were extracted from the reaction mixture and the distribution of radioactivity among the molecular species of phosphatidylcholine was determined by HPLC/liquid scintillation counting. In general, molecular species catabolism was not significantly influenced by either assay or acclimation temperature. Only in 20°C-acclimated fish did a reduction in assay temperature (from to 20 to 5°C) result in significantly increased proportions of radioactivity being recovered in one polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing species (16:0/22:6-PC). It is concluded: 1) that phospholipase specificity, assayed under conditions approximating thosein situ, is not significantly influenced by temperature; and 2), that the increased proportions of unsaturated fatty acid-containing molecular species of phosphatidylcholine observed at low temperatures must reflect the specificity of biosynthetic rather than degradative processes.

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Turnover of the fatty acyl and glycerol moieties of microsomal membrane lipids from liver, gill and muscle tissue of thermally acclimated rainbow trout,Salmo gairdneri

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Temperature Affects Growth and Tissue Fatty Acid Composition of Juvenile Atlantic Spadefish

Temperature Affects Growth and Tissue Fatty Acid Composition of Juvenile Atlantic Spadefish

Fatty acid profile of fish following a change in dietary fatty acid source: model of fatty acid composition with a dilution hypothesis

Role of molecular species catabolism in the temperature-induced restructuring of phosphatidylcholines in liver microsomes of thermally-acclimated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

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