Tutorial: Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS)

Protti, Michele; Mandrioli, Roberto; Mercolini, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2018.09.004

Cited by 141 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Although obviously undersaturated VAMS tips (see Figure 1D) will be identified and excluded, this might not be the case for slightly undersaturared VAMS tips. According to the sampling instruction, the VAMS tip should remain in the drop of fingerprick blood for 2 s after the tip turns completely red to allow the complete filling of the inside of the tip [28]. When removed earlier, the tip might not be completely filled with blood, without the possibility of identifying this during sample inspection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although individual training of phlebotomists, including performing the sampling method themselves, is preferred, this was not feasible for one study coordinator for approximately 75 phlebotomists [26,27]. Therefore, similar to the previous DBS validation studies performed in our hospital, all phlebotomists were trained in a 15-min lecture explaining the sampling procedure, including common pitfalls and how to avoid them based on information provided by literature and the manufacturer of the VAMS tips (Neoteryx, Torrance, CA, USA) [2,13,19,28]. An analysis was performed to evaluate if a learning effect over time could be observed on VAMS sampling.…”

Section: Training Of Phlebotomistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volumetric absorptive microsampling and dried blood spot microsampling vs. conventional venous sampling for tacrolimus trough concentration monitoring

Veenhof

Koster

Junier

et al. 2020

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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ObjectivesMonitoring tacrolimus blood concentrations is important for preventing allograft rejection in transplant patients. Our hospital offers dried blood spot (DBS) sampling, giving patients the opportunity to sample a drop of blood from a fingerprick at home, which can be sent to the laboratory by mail. In this study, both a volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) device and DBS sampling were compared to venous whole blood (WB) sampling.MethodsA total of 130 matched fingerprick VAMS, fingerprick DBS and venous WB samples were obtained from 107 different kidney transplant patients by trained phlebotomists for method comparison using Passing-Bablok regression. Bias was assessed using Bland-Altman. A multidisciplinary team pre-defined an acceptance limit requiring >80% of all matched samples within 15% of the mean of both samples. Sampling quality was evaluated for both VAMS and DBS samples.Results32.3% of the VAMS samples and 6.2% of the DBS samples were of insufficient quality, leading to 88 matched samples fit for analysis. Passing-Bablok regression showed a significant difference between VAMS and WB, with a slope of 0.88 (95% CI 0.81–0.97) but not for DBS (slope 1.00; 95% CI 0.95–1.04). Both VAMS (after correction for the slope) and DBS showed no significant bias in Bland-Altman analysis. For VAMS and DBS, the acceptance limit was met for 83.0% and 96.6% of the samples, respectively.ConclusionsVAMS sampling can replace WB sampling for tacrolimus trough concentration monitoring, but VAMS sampling is currently inferior to DBS sampling, both regarding sample quality and agreement with WB tacrolimus concentrations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Training Of Phlebotomistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric absorptive microsampling and dried blood spot microsampling vs. conventional venous sampling for tacrolimus trough concentration monitoring

Veenhof

Koster

Junier

et al. 2020

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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“…The small dried sample can be accommodated in very small storage spaces and be shipped safely and feasibly; it also reduces solvent consumption and is thus cheaper and more sustainable [17][18][19][20][21]. VAMS use in particular is designed to be easily automated, and to sample accurate blood volumes without bias due to variable hematocrit values, which is a major drawback of other microsampling techniques, such as dried blood spots (DBS) on cards [22,23]. Since VAMS was developed specifically for application to whole blood, volume accuracy is granted only for this matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood and Plasma Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling (VAMS) Coupled to LC-MS/MS for the Forensic Assessment of Cocaine Consumption

2020

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Reliable, feasible analytical methods are needed for forensic and anti-doping testing of cocaine and its most important metabolites, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester, and cocaethylene (the active metabolite formed in the presence of ethanol). An innovative workflow is presented here, using minute amounts of dried blood or plasma obtained by volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS), followed by miniaturized pretreatment by dispersive pipette extraction (DPX) and LC-MS/MS analysis. After sampling 20 µL of blood or plasma with a VAMS device, the sample was dried, extracted, and loaded onto a DPX tip. The DPX pretreatment lasted less than one minute and after elution with methanol the sample was directly injected into the LC-MS/MS system. The chromatographic analysis was carried out on a C8 column, using a mobile phase containing aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile. Good extraction yield (> 85%), precision (relative standard deviation, RSD < 6.0%) and matrix effect (< 12%) values were obtained. Analyte stability was outstanding (recovery > 85% after 2 months at room temperature). The method was successfully applied to real blood and plasma VAMS, with results in very good agreement with those of fluid samples. The method seems suitable for the monitoring of concomitant cocaine and ethanol use by means of plasma or blood VAMS testing.

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“…VAMS offers several advantages over DBS, such as sample volume accuracy, greater reduction of hematocrit effects, little to no pretreatment, and automation. Most notably, samples collected via VAMS may be shipped at room temperature and can be classified as nonhazardous (Kok & Fillet, ; Protti, Mandrioli, & Mercolini, ).…”

Section: Microsamplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging trends in paper spray mass spectrometry: Microsampling, storage, direct analysis, and applications

Frey

Damon

Badu‐Tawiah

2019

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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Recent advancements in the sensitivity of chemical instrumentation have led to increased interest in the use of microsamples for translational and biomedical research. Paper substrates are by far the most widely used media for biofluid collection, and mass spectrometry is the preferred method of analysis of the resultant dried blood spot (DBS) samples. Although there have been a variety of review papers published on DBS, there has been no attempt to unify the century old DBS methodology with modern applications utilizing modified paper and paper‐based microfluidics for sampling, storage, processing, and analysis. This critical review will discuss how mass spectrometry has expanded the utility of paper substrates from sample collection and storage, to direct complex mixture analysis to on‐surface reaction monitoring.

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Tutorial: Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS)

Cited by 141 publications

References 60 publications

Volumetric absorptive microsampling and dried blood spot microsampling vs. conventional venous sampling for tacrolimus trough concentration monitoring

Volumetric absorptive microsampling and dried blood spot microsampling vs. conventional venous sampling for tacrolimus trough concentration monitoring

Blood and Plasma Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling (VAMS) Coupled to LC-MS/MS for the Forensic Assessment of Cocaine Consumption

Emerging trends in paper spray mass spectrometry: Microsampling, storage, direct analysis, and applications

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