Twelve-Week Jogging Training Increases Pre-Heparin Serum Lipoprotein Lipase Concentrations in Overweight/Obese Middle-Aged Men

Abstract

Aim: Enhancement of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity through drug administration has been shown to increase pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations; however, pre-heparin serum LPL responses to exercise training have not been determined. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of supervised aerobic exercise training on pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations in overweight/obese men. Methods: Fifteen overweight/obese middle-aged men were assigned to one of two 12-week supervised exercise interventions: a walking group (eight participants gradually increasing brisk walking to 60 min/day 3 days a week) or a jogging group (seven participants gradually increasing jogging to 60 min/day 3 days a week). All participants maintained ad libitum diets. Blood samples were collected at baseline and immediately after 12 weeks. The primary outcome was pre-heparin serum LPL. Results: Pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations were increased in the jogging group after 12 weeks compared with the baseline values (mean SEM: 37.6 4.7 vs. 51.0 6.6 ng/mL, respectively, p 0.033). In the walking group, pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations remained unchanged after 12 weeks. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that 12 weeks of jogging training increases pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations in overweight/obese middle-aged men. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2010; 17:21-29.Key words; Aerobic exercise, Training, Pre-heparin serum lipoprotein lipase, Lipid metabolism nous injection of heparin, LPL is detached from the endothelium surface and released in blood. Alternatively, a small fraction of LPL protein naturally (i.e., without intravenous injection of heparin) detached from the endothelial surface is detectable in serum by a sensitive enzyme-linked immunoassay 2,3) . Although pre-heparin serum LPL is catalytically inactive and its physiological role is not fully understood, previous cross-sectional studies have shown that pre-heparin serum LPL concentrations were considerably lower in patients with type 2 diabetes 4) and hyperlipidaemia 5) compared with healthy individuals. A previous cross-sectional study also reported an inverse relationship between pre-heparin serum LPL concentration and serum triacylglycerol concentration in both healthy individuals and hyperlipidaemic patients 6)

Effects of aerobic exercise on lipids and lipoproteins

“…Mechanisms may involve the increased activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) - lipoprotein lipase responsible for chylomicrons and VLDL TAG hydrolysis in granules [61]. Most of the catalytically active LPL is located in the vessel wall and then isolated from the endothelium surface and released in the blood after intravenous injection of heparin [62]. Therefore, the detected LPL is often the post-heparin LPL.…”

“…However, with several findings showing that pre-heparin LPL concentration indicate the amount of systemic LPL activity [64–66], Tanaka et al turned the target to pre-heparin LPL, and found that 12 weeks of jogging training increased pre-heparin LPL concentrations in overweight men [67]. Exercise-induced LPL changes were time-delayed, for example, LPL mRNA peak level occurred at 4 h after exercise [62]. Besides, LPL activation elevation could last for 24 h after only a 1 h exercise session in individuals with moderate intensity exercise [68].…”

Postprandial lipemic and inflammatory responses to high-fat meals: a review of the roles of acute and chronic exercise

“…In healthy participants, previous research has indicated that there is an inverse relationship between HDL-C and PPL following a HFM [20]. Additionally, participants who completed a jogging program 3-days/week displayed significantly higher plasma LPL concentrations when compared to their own control condition at baseline [84]. The combination of higher HDL-C and LPL concentrations in regularly exercising individuals may allow for greater replenishment of IMTG and improved clearance of TRG following exercise.…”

Abdominal obesity: causal factor or simply a symptom of obesity-related health risk

“…Adiponectin, which improves insulin resistance and enhances the burning of fatty acids, has anti-inflammatory and insulin resistance effects;26,27 according to the results obtained in this study, it is likely that an increased level of adiponectin has a link with the improved levels of the parameters of metabolic disorders related to dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, inflammation, and liver function. Previous studies have also shown that increased exercise improves the levels of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase,28 lipoprotein lipase,29 retinol-binding protein 4,13 nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2,30 and myokines 31. These physiological activations of molecular factors through exercise, regardless of AF reduction, might be the key point for improvement in the L E group.…”