Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics 2017
DOI: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.516
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Twenty Years of de facto State Studies: Progress, Problems, and Prospects

Abstract: It has been almost 20 years since the publication of International Society and the De Facto State by Scott Pegg in 1998, the first book-length substantive theoretical attempt to investigate the phenomenon of de facto states—secessionist entities that control territory, provide governance, receive popular support, persist over time, and seek widespread recognition of their proclaimed sovereignty and yet fail to receive it. Even though most de facto states are relatively small and fragile actors, in the interven… Show more

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Cited by 33 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…But despite the territory's lack of international recognition and its fragile political status in the region, it is consolidating and expanding its area of control and domains of influence within its self-proclaimed borders with Ethiopia, Djibouti and the Puntland State of Somalia 5 . Concurrently with this political stabilization 6 , economy and life in the "de facto state" (Pegg 2017) are changing at a fast pace. It is experiencing new migratory trends, most importantly youth emigration, diaspora returnees and internal rural-to-urban migration.…”
Section: Situating Human-camel Relations In Somalilandmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…But despite the territory's lack of international recognition and its fragile political status in the region, it is consolidating and expanding its area of control and domains of influence within its self-proclaimed borders with Ethiopia, Djibouti and the Puntland State of Somalia 5 . Concurrently with this political stabilization 6 , economy and life in the "de facto state" (Pegg 2017) are changing at a fast pace. It is experiencing new migratory trends, most importantly youth emigration, diaspora returnees and internal rural-to-urban migration.…”
Section: Situating Human-camel Relations In Somalilandmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The changes that occurred in recognition and legitimation practices in the 1990s and the 2000s made democratisation a central element in de facto states' arguments for statehood (Broers, 2013;Pegg, 2017). The 'standards before status' policy for Kosovo's recognition created a perception among the leaders of de facto states that by creating democratic and effecting entities along international normative standards of statehood, they could gain international recognition.…”
Section: Studying Recognition Strategiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The lack of formal international status prompted the unrecognized but autonomously operating states to focus on internal legitimacy-building through democratic institutions and popular approval. 29 Internal legitimacy denotes the governed 'people's acceptance and loyalty to the ruling authority' through domestic democratic institutions, 30 while external legitimacy, on the other hand, means a polity's acceptability against reasonable standards from the viewpoint of the polity's social surroundings. 31 The literature has paid great attention to the domestic side of the de facto states' politics while blinding out their foreign ties in the assumption that the absence of recognized sovereignty means an absence of an international scope of action.…”
Section: Empirical Evidence On the Diplomacy Of Post-soviet De Facto mentioning
confidence: 99%