Two new terbium-based metal−organic frameworks, {[Tb(ADBA)-(CH 3 COO)(H 2 O)]•H 2 O} n (MOF 1) and [Tb(ADBA)(HCOO)(DMF)] n (MOF 2) (H 2 ADBA = 4,[4][5][6][7][8][9] benzoic acid), were synthesized by the solvothermal method. Structural analysis indicates that the Tb III ions in MOFs 1 and 2 are coordinated to acetic and formic acids, respectively, leading to differences in the structures. Fluorescence measurements show that both MOFs 1 and 2 are fluorescence sensors for Al 3+ and Ga 3+ with fluorescence enhancement and a blue shift. The detection limits of MOF 1 are 0.067 μM for Al 3+ and 0.093 μM for Ga 3+ , and the detection limits of MOF 2 are 0.064 for Al 3+ and 0.086 μM for Ga 3+ . The proton conductivity measurements of MOFs 1 and 2 indicate that the proton conductivities of MOFs 1 and 2 increase in resistance with increasing humidity. MOF 1 is more sensitive to humidity with a maximum conductivity of 1.07 × 10 −5 S•cm −1 under 40 °C and 98% RH. Therefore, MOFs 1 and 2 are potential multifunctional MOF materials.