Two alleles of the single-copy chalcone synthase gene in parsley differ by a transposon-like element

Abstract

Two types of genomic DNA hybridizing with a chalcone synthase cDNA were isolated from cell suspension cultures of parsley (Petroselinum crispum cv. Mooskrause) and cloned in lambda EMBL4. Their fragmentation patterns with several common restriction enzymes were identical, except for the occurrence of a 927 base pair insertion in one type relative to the other. This insertion is located 538 base pairs upstream of the first of two transcription start sites and has characteristic features of a transposable element. The two types of cloned DNA most likely represent two alleles of a chalcone synthase gene occurring in one copy per haploid parsley genome. The nucleotide sequence and exon-intron structure of the larger allele were determined. Analysis of plants either heterozygous or homozygous with respect to the chalcone synthase gene revealed that both allelic forms were expressed and activated by UV light.

Methylation pattern of Activator transposase binding sites in maize endosperm.

“…Significant methylation of nonsymmetrical cytosines was also observed in an endogenously duplicated, partially silenced copy of the maize R gene (Ronchi et al, 1995). a Maize Ac (Kunze and Starlinger, 1989); Japanese morning glory Tpnl (Hoshino et al, 1995); soybean Tgml (Rhodes and Vodkin, 1988); parsley Tpc7 (Herrmann et al, 1988); maize EnLSpm (Gierl et al, 1988); Arabidopsis Tatl (Peleman et al, 1991); snapdragon Tam3 (Hehl et al, 1991). b Number of repeats at both ends of the transposon.…”

Functional Architecture of the Light-Responsive Chalcone Synthase Promoter from Parsley

“…See Schulze-Lefert et al (1 989) for footprint data not included in Figure 2, and for the details of the original construction from which all new promoter mutants are derived. Note that the CHS" promoter was previously referred to as the CHS-1 promoter (Herrmann, 1987;Herrmann, Schulz, and Hahlbrock, 1988;Schulze-Lefert et al, 1989).…”

“…either of the two CHS promoter alleles that occur in parsley (constructs 041 and O1 1). They are sequence identical to position -584 (Herrmann, 1987;Herrmann, Schulz, and Hahlbrock, 1988). Comparison of light-activated GUS expression revealed that the 615-bp promoter is, if anything, slightly more light-responsive than a promoter of 2.0 kb.…”

“…Synthesis products were cut with either Haelll (coding strand probe) or Clal (noncoding strand probe) and separated on a 6% polyacrylamide Symbols are as in legend to Figure 1. CHSb is a second CHS allele, previously called CHS-2 (Herrmann, 1987;Herrmann, Schulz, and Hahlbrock, 1988).…”

Isolation and Analysis of Cinnamic Acid 4-Hydroxylase Homologous Genes from a Hybrid Aspen,Populus kitakamiensis

“…In addition, the 5'-flanking sequences of cyp73a and cyp73b contain many boxes that are conserved among the promoters of several genes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] These boxes ( Fig. 2A) have been shown to display elicitor-inducible "footprints" in vivo, and to be related to expression in flowers!…”