Two-body abrasion resistance of high carbon steel treated by quenching-partitioning-tempering process

Lai, Jianping; Zhang, Liping; Gong, Wu; Xu, Xun; Xiao, C. A.

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2019.203096

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Figure 2(c) shows the lower bainite structure consists of a dispersion of fine carbides inside plates of bainitic ferrite; it was developed by a bainitic transformation at 300°C, followed by tempering at 400°C. The tempering treatment at 400°C allowed to fully transform the retained austenite into an eutectoid aggregate of ferrite plus very fine carbides, while the samples treated at 300°C + 300°C still maintained large areas of retained austenite, which transformed partially into fresh martensite at the final cooling to room temperature, creating islands of brittle martensite-austenite constituents (Gaude-Fugarolas, 2002; Lai et al , 2019). The development of fine and well-distributed carbide particles inside thin bainitic plates prevented the formation of film-like cementite at prior austenite grain boundaries and plate interfaces, creating a tempered bainitic structure with high ductility, toughness, and wear resistance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of bainitic transformation on the microstructure and wear resistance of pearlitic rail steel

Tressia

Alves

Sinatora

et al. 2020

ILT

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a lower bainite structure consists of a dispersion of fine carbide inside plates of bainitic ferrite from chemical composition unmodified conventional pearlitic steel under bainitic transformation and to investigate its effect on tensile properties and wear resistance. Design/methodology/approach A commercial hypereutectoid pearlitic rail steel was subjected to three different bainitic transformation treatments followed by tempering to develop a desirable microstructure with a DIL805 BÄHR dilatometer. A comprehensive microstructural study was performed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Finally, the mechanical properties and wear resistance were evaluated by tensile, microhardness, and pin-on-disc tests. Findings The results showed that the best combination of mechanical properties and sliding wear resistance was obtained in the sample subjected to bainitic transformation at 300°C for 600 s followed by tempering at 400°C for 300 s. This sample, which contained a bainitic ferrite structure, exhibited approximately 20% higher hardness and approximately 53% less mass loss than the as-received pearlitic sample due to the mechanically induced transformation in the contact surface. Originality/value Although pearlitic steel is widely used in the construction of railways, recent studies have revealed that bainitic transformation at the same rail steels exhibited higher wear resistance and fatigue strengths than conventional pearlitic rail at the same hardness values. Such a bainitic microstructure can improve the mechanical properties and wear resistance, which is a great interest in the railway industry. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2019-0282/

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of bainitic transformation on the microstructure and wear resistance of pearlitic rail steel

Tressia

Alves

Sinatora

et al. 2020

ILT

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“…The presence of retained austenite combined with martensite in high carbon steel is reported to contribute to good wear performance. [23] In this case, the ductile austenite can accommodate some strain of hard martensite during wear. The hardness of the sample heat-treated at 1200°C is quite similar to the hardness of the sample in the asreceived condition, Figure 2, and indicates high austenite content.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The X-ray diffraction results can also be applied to estimate the carbon content (wt%) in the retained austenite [23,24] :…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During tempering, the redistribution of solute occurs and the retained austenite may or may not continue in the microstructure after cooling. According to the literature, [23,28] the carbon diffusion from martensite to retained austenite increases the stability of austenite. The austenite phase can keep carbon in a solid solution, reducing the formation of carbides and contributing to improve the corrosion resistance.…”

Section: Corrosion Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of heat treatment on the chromium‐depleted zones of a high carbon martensitic stainless steel

Siqueira

Alves

Luiz

et al. 2021

Materials & Corrosion

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Heat treatments are commonly applied in the martensitic stainless steels to achieve high wear resistance and hardness; however, they can lead to a decrease in corrosion resistance due to the precipitation of chromium-rich carbides. The present work investigates the effect of austenitizing and tempering parameters on the microstructure, hardness, and passivation and reactivation currents of AISI 440C. A double-loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation test is performed to evaluate the dissolution and precipitation of chromium-rich carbides. The volume fraction of phases after heat treatment is estimated by X-ray diffraction. Results show that an increase in the austenitizing temperature leads to an increase in the carbide dissolution, and also in the amount of retained austenite. As a consequence, low passivation and reactivation currents are obtained. When austenite is the main phase, the increase of austenitizing time contributed to an increase in the degree of sensitization due to austenite grain boundary carbon enrichment. However, the presence of austenite after tempering kept part of the carbon in a solid solution resulting in low passivation and reactivation currents.

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“…automotive TRIP-steels, nanobainitic steels) due to the deformation-induced formation of martensite [1] and its large work hardening capacity [2]. Metastable austenite is gaining attention in the development of highly wear-resistant steels [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Traditionally, high wear resistance is achieved by a high hardness of the steels as a surface can only be scratched by an abrasive particle if the abrasive hardness is 1.2 times the hardness of the surface [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Body Abrasion Resistance of High-Carbon Metastable Austenitic Steels

Ingber

Lippmann

Kunert

2021

METAL 2021 Conference Proeedings

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This study presents the results of two-body abrasion tests on several high-carbon low-alloy steels initially consisting of a dual-phase microstructure containing metastable austenite and thermally induced plate martensite. The wear behavior of these metastable austenitic steels (MAS) is compared to commercial wearresistant steels. Some tested MAS showed specific wear rates (SWR) that are more than three times lower compared to that of a martensitic 30MnB5 (1.5531) and an austenitic X120Mn12 (1.3401) steel and even more than five times lower than the SWR of Hardox 450. Pre-and post-wear hardness measurements indicate that low wear rates in MAS are related to hardness increase during wear. MAS with post-wear hardness in the range of 900 -1000 HV achieved the lowest SWR. A further increased post-wear hardness up to 1250 HV proved to be not beneficial and led to an increasing SWR. XRD measurements show significant changes in the phase fractions of the MAS sub-surface region due to an austenite-martensite phase transformation. SEM micrographs also show severe plastic deformation in the sub-surface layer and the wear tracks.

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Two-body abrasion resistance of high carbon steel treated by quenching-partitioning-tempering process

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Effect of bainitic transformation on the microstructure and wear resistance of pearlitic rail steel

Effect of bainitic transformation on the microstructure and wear resistance of pearlitic rail steel

Effect of heat treatment on the chromium‐depleted zones of a high carbon martensitic stainless steel

Two-Body Abrasion Resistance of High-Carbon Metastable Austenitic Steels

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