Two Classes of Homocytotropic Antibodies in the Rhesus Monkey

Amkraut, Alfred A.; Malley, Arthur; Begley, Donald

doi:10.1159/000230945

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A number of immunologic similarities between the monkey and man suggest that monkeys could serve as a useful model for the investigation of human hypersensitivity. As in man (PARISH 1974), anaphylactic antibodies belonging to the IgE and IgG classes have been identified ( AMKRAUT et al 1973), and different models of systemic anaphylaxis have been worked out in the monkey using active (KOPELOFF & KOPELOFF 1938, PARISH et al 1966 or passive sensitization (LAYTON & GREENE 1964, PATTERSON et al 1966. All that is known about cardiorespiratory function, however, is that an allergen may induce systemic hypotension, sometimes accompanied by pulmonary hypertension (PATTER- SON et al 1966).…”

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confidence: 99%

Anaphylactic Shock in the Monkey: its Hemodynamics and Mediators¹

Pávek

1977

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

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Anaphylactic shock (AS) was induced in 15 monkeys, and their hemodynamics were studied in order to identify the mechanisms initiating the low cardiac output (CO) state. Further, in 16 monkeys various substances were used with the aim of mimicking or antagonizing the changes in AS. Initial peripheral collapse was indicated by lowering of the right atrial pressure (RAP). The subsequent development of pulmonary hypertension increased RAP and, by extending venous pooling, reduced filling of the left heart. The degree of pulmonary hypertension or arterial hypotension was a poor indicator of the fall in CO. Hypoxemia and dysrythmias occurred occasionally, but early hemoconcentration was not found. Light depression of CO (-42%), due to venous pooling and reduction in left heart filling, could be corrected by fluid administration. In contrast, severe depression of C O (-81%) associated with ST-T depression and with decreased cardiac contractility responded less to the fluid load, suggesting that myocardial failure was partly responsible fcr the low output state.Inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis by indomethacin did not prevent the development of AS. Injections of PGEl and PGFz,, alone or together with histamine (Hi), did not mimic AS. PGEz induced hypotension accompanied by an increase in CO, and PGFz, induced general vasoconstriction and a somewhat diminished CO. Hi induced hypotension and pulmonary hypertension; C O increased after low doses but decreased after sublethal doses. Compound 48/80, a liberator of Hi and slow-reacting substance (SRS), imitated Hi effects initially, but later mimicked a minor state ofAS. Infusion of FPL 55712, a selective antagonist of SRS, prevented AS, and general vasoconstriction occurred instead. I n this model of AS, SRS is a more important mediator than Hi or PG.

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confidence: 99%

Anaphylactic Shock in the Monkey: its Hemodynamics and Mediators¹

Pávek

1977

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

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“…IgG homocyto tropic antibodies have been demonstrated in guinea pigs [31], mice [29], rats [28], and rhesus monkeys [32]. The reported heterogeneity of homocytotropic antibodies in various animal species together with the observa tions reported in this paper would suggest that human reaginic antibody may not be a unique immunoglobulin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Competitive Inhibition of Reagin-Mediated Histamine Release by a Human IgG2 Myeloma Protein

Malley¹,

Baecher²,

Porter³

et al. 1974

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Two human IgG myeloma proteins were isolated from other serum proteins based upon their fixation to monkey lung tissue. Electrophoretic and subclass studies revealed that the slow (γ₂) migrating protein belonged to the IgG1 subclass, and the fast (γ₁) migrating protein belonged to the IgG2 subclass. Competition experiments showed that the IgG2 myeloma protein competes for the same tissue-binding sites as human reagin. In addition, the IgG2 myeloma protein (1) loses its tissue-binding properties upon heating at 56 °C and treatment with mercaptoethanol, (2) gives reverse histamine release from monkey lung tissue challenged with rhesus antihuman IgG, and (3) fixes to monkey skin for at least 3 days. On the other hand, the IgG1 myeloma protein does not compete with human reagin for tissue-binding sites but apparently binds at separate, distinct receptor sites on monkey lung tissue.

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“…Since no antibodies of the IgE class were detectable, this reaction could be clas sified as aggregate anaphylaxis [4]. It has been reported that homocytotropic antibod ies of the IgG class may appear in the mon key [1] and in man [24], It is not known whether ovalbumin-specific homocytotropic IgG was of any significance in the present study. When antigen-antibody complexes preformed in vitro (mainly IgG) were inject ed into unsensitized monkeys, most of the symptoms of aggregate anaphylaxis ob served in actively sensitized monkeys were produced [Smedegárd, unpubl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Aggregate Anaphylaxis in the Monkey

Smedegård¹,

Revenäs²,

Saldeen³

1980

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Haematological and histological studies were made following challenge in 8 monkeys (Macaca irus) sensitized with ovalbumin. Haemagglutinating, but no reaginic antibodies to ovalbumin were demonstrated before challenge. Both platelet and leucocyte counts decreased markedly (––80 and ––89%, respectively) within 5 min after challenge. No evidence of haemoconcentration was found. Plasma fibrinogen decreased (––74%), indicating activation of the coagulation system. Histological examination revealed platelets, leucocytes, fibrin and a large number of hyaline globuli (‘globular microemboli’) in pulmonary capillaries and small arterioles. From their staining properties the globuli were considered to consist mainly of fibrin. Some globuli were also found in the liver and kidneys, but were rarely seen in other organs. It is concluded that the anaphylactic reaction in this experimental model can be classified as aggregate anaphylaxis, and it is suggested that platelet mediators play an important role in the early pulmonary vascular and respiratory response.

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Two Classes of Homocytotropic Antibodies in the Rhesus Monkey

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Anaphylactic Shock in the Monkey: its Hemodynamics and Mediators¹

Anaphylactic Shock in the Monkey: its Hemodynamics and Mediators¹

Competitive Inhibition of Reagin-Mediated Histamine Release by a Human IgG2 Myeloma Protein

Aggregate Anaphylaxis in the Monkey

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Two Classes of Homocytotropic Antibodies in the Rhesus Monkey

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Anaphylactic Shock in the Monkey: its Hemodynamics and Mediators1

Anaphylactic Shock in the Monkey: its Hemodynamics and Mediators1

Competitive Inhibition of Reagin-Mediated Histamine Release by a Human IgG2 Myeloma Protein

Aggregate Anaphylaxis in the Monkey

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Product

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Anaphylactic Shock in the Monkey: its Hemodynamics and Mediators¹

Anaphylactic Shock in the Monkey: its Hemodynamics and Mediators¹