Two‐Dimensional Crystals of Poly(3‐Alkyl‐ thiophene)s: Direct Visualization of Polymer Folds in Submolecular Resolution

Mena‐Osteritz, Elena; Meyer, Alexander; Langeveld-Voss, B.M.W.; Janssen, René; Meijer, E. W.; Bäuerle, Peter

doi:10.1002/1521-3757(20000804)112:15<2791::aid-ange2791>3.0.co;2-#

Cited by 58 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…[57] The most recent approach grew fibers [57,58] by slow cooling of P3HT solutions, with the crystalline fibers being isolated from the amorphous material by centrifugation and filtration. The fibers were reformulated in dispersions with PCBM, and used for solar-cell processing.…”

Section: Towards a Better Control Of Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer‐Fullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells

Dennler¹,

Scharber²,

Brabec³

2009

Advanced Materials

3,123

2,461

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Solution‐processed bulk‐heterojunction solar cells have gained serious attention during the last few years and are becoming established as one of the future photovoltaic technologies for low‐cost power production. This article reviews the highlights of the last few years, and summarizes today's state‐of‐the‐art performance. An outlook is given on relevant future materials and technologies that have the potential to guide this young photovoltaic technology towards the magic 10% regime. A cost model supplements the technical discussions, with practical aspects any photovoltaic technology needs to fulfil, and answers to the question as to whether low module costs can compensate lower lifetimes and performances.

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Section: Towards a Better Control Of Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer‐Fullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells

Dennler¹,

Scharber²,

Brabec³

2009

Advanced Materials

3,123

2,461

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Secondly, the chain folding in conjugated polymers is also different from those in flexible polymers. In conjugated polymers, a more extended chain-folding exists, i.e., seven thiophene rings in the folding section in P3HT and nine for P3DDT ( Figure 5b) [70]. Similar to flexible chains, the chain-folding could drive the crystallization of chains.…”

Section: Structural Differences Between Conjugated Polymers and Fleximentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to the elongated persistence length of chains arising from conjugation plane in backbones, the single chains of conjugated polymers display a more anisotropic extended conformation with less bending like paperclips, compared to the isotropic and disordered coils of more flexible chains (Figure 5a) [69]. Besides, the chain-folding in backbones for conjugated polymers is a more extended one than flexible chains, i.e., seven thiophene rings in the folding section in P3HT and nine for P3DDT (Figure 5b) [70]. The rigid folding results in a severe entanglement of conjugated polymer chains according to the theory reported by Wu et al [134].…”

Section: Equilibrium Between Coil Unimers and Disordered Aggregatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Morphology Control in Thin Films of Conjugated Polymers for an Improved Charge Transport

Wang

et al. 2013

Polymers

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Abstract:The morphological and structural features of the conjugated polymer films play an important role in the charge transport and the final performance of organic optoelectronics devices [such as organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) and organic photovoltaic cell (OPV), etc.] in terms of crystallinity, packing of polymer chains and connection between crystal domains. This review will discuss how the conjugated polymer solidify into, for instance, thin-film structures, and how to control the molecular arrangement of such functional polymer architectures by controlling the polymer chain rigidity, polymer solution aggregation, suitable processing procedures, etc. These basic elements in intrinsic properties and processing strategy described here would be helpful to understand the correlation between morphology and charge transport properties and guide the preparation of efficient functional conjugated polymer films correspondingly.

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“…[5][6][7][8][9][10] A number of recent studies have demonstrated that molecular ordering along the polymer backbone and between chains is far more important to carrier transport in high molecular weight (Mw) polymer films than domain boundaries. [11][12][13][14][15][16] However, high Mw semi-flexible polymers are thought to be difficult to push into a highly molecularly ordered state due to entanglements and interactions which can inhibit molecular diffusion and challenge conformational transitions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carrier Transport Enhancement in Conjugated Polymers through Interfacial Self-Assembly of Solution-State Aggregates

Khan

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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ABSTRACT:We demonstrate that local and long range orders of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) semicrystalline films can be synergistically improved by combining chemical functionalization of the substrate with solution-state disentanglement and pre-aggregation of P3HT in a theta solvent, leading to a very significant enhancement of the field effect carrier mobility. The pre-aggregation and surface functionalization effects combine to enhance the carrier mobility nearly 100-fold as compared with standard film preparation by spin-coating, and nearly 10-fold increase over the benefits of pre-aggregation alone. In situ quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) experiments reveal enhanced deposition of pre-aggregates on surfaces modified with an alkyl-terminated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) in comparison to un-aggregated polymer chains.Additional investigations reveal the combined pre-aggregation and surface functionalization significantly enhances local order of the conjugated polymer through planarization and extension of the conjugated backbone of the polymer which clearly translate to significant improvements of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 2 carrier transport at the semiconductor-dielectric interface in organic thin film transistors. This study points to opportunities in combining complementary routes, such as well-known pre-aggregation with substrate chemical functionalization, to enhance the polymer self-assembly and improve its interfacial order with benefits for transport properties.

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Two‐Dimensional Crystals of Poly(3‐Alkyl‐ thiophene)s: Direct Visualization of Polymer Folds in Submolecular Resolution

Cited by 58 publications

References 48 publications

Polymer‐Fullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells

Polymer‐Fullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells

Structure and Morphology Control in Thin Films of Conjugated Polymers for an Improved Charge Transport

Carrier Transport Enhancement in Conjugated Polymers through Interfacial Self-Assembly of Solution-State Aggregates

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