Two-dimensional GEM imaging detector with delay-line readout

Advances in Thick GEM-like gaseous electron multipliers—Part I: atmospheric pressure operation

“…The avalanche process is fast (typical rise-time of a few ns) and free of photon-mediated secondary effects, due to the optical opacity of the GEM electrodes. In addition to its use for particle tracking [11] and in time projection chambers (TPC) [12], the GEM can also be efficiently coupled to gaseous or solid radiation converters, resulting in a large variety of radiation detectors developed for imaging of X-rays [13,14], neutrons [15] and UV-to visible light [16].…”

Status and perspectives of gaseous photon detectors

“…Gains up to 10 6 can be obtained in a multi-GEM layout, either with reflective or with semitransparent CsI PC, operated with various noble gas based mixtures [37], with single photon time resolution of $ 2 ns [38] and spatial resolution of 100 μm [39]. The GEM appeared soon to be a possible replacement of the MWPC to build faster GPDs [40], since the readout signal is generated by electrons and secondary effects are limited by the "closed" geometry.…”

MHSP with position detection capability

“…The method of resistive charge division is the most simple and inexpensive to implement in this type of microstructures. Delay lines [4] or independent readout of the anodes by high-density electronics [5] are not compatible with the objective of building a simple, lowcost position sensitive gas detector, such as that proposed here. detection has already been successfully used in MSGC [6,7], with spatial resolutions of 1.2 mm for neutron detection.…”