Two-dimensional radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of SATURN imploding Z pinches

Hammer, J.H.; Eddleman, J.L.; Springer, P. T.; Tabak, M.; Toor, A.; Wong, K. L.; Zimmerman, G. B.; Deeney, C.; Humphreys, R. F.; Nash, T. J.; Sanford, T. W. L.; Spielman, R. B.; Groot, J. S. De

doi:10.1063/1.872003

Cited by 95 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Therefore, there is clearly a need for high resolutioxL time-gated diagnostics which can be used to test current 2D radiation MHD models (2). In this paper we present the first high-resolutio~time-resolved measurements of a Z-pinch plasma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One- and two-dimensional density and temperature measurements of an argon-neon Z-pinch plasma at stagnation

Wong¹,

Springer²,

Hammer³

et al. 1997

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One- and two-dimensional density and temperature measurements of an argon-neon Z-pinch plasma at stagnation

Wong¹,

Springer²,

Hammer³

et al. 1997

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…The more recent development of the X-pinch might ease that difficulty. Also, further work on z-pinch stability [7] showed that, while the high density portions of the pinch might be resistively stabilized, the low density edge remains unstable. It is well known from MHD theory that at low β, where β is the ratio of plasma to magnetic pressures, curvature or gravitational instabilities (e.g., sausage and Rayleigh Taylor modes) become electrostatic in nature.…”

Section: Fast Ignitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Approaches to High Energy Density Fusion

Hammer¹

2016

Edward Teller Lectures

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Abstract. This paper explores selected approaches to High Energy Density (HED) fusion, beginning with discussion of ignition requirements at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The needed improvements to achieve ignition are closely tied to the ability to concentrate energy in the implosion, manifested in the stagnation pressure, P stag . The energy that must be assembled in the imploded state to ignite varies roughly as P stag -2 , so among other requirements, there is a premium on reaching higher P stag to achieve ignition with the available laser energy. The U.S. inertial confinement fusion program (ICF) is pursuing higher P stag on NIF through improvements to capsule stability and symmetry. One can argue that recent experiments place an approximate upper bound on the ultimate ignition energy requirement. Scaling the implosions in spatial, temporal and energy scales shows that implosions of the demonstrated quality ignite robustly at 9-15 times the current energy of NIF. While lasers are unlikely to reach that bounding energy, it appears that pulsed power sources could plausibly do so, giving a range of paths forward for ICF depending on success in improving energy concentration. In this paper, I show the scaling arguments then discuss topics from my own involvement in HED fusion. The recent Viewfactor experiments at NIF have shed light on both the observed capsule drive deficit and errors in the detailed modelling of hohlraums. The latter could be an important factor in the inability to achieve the needed symmetry and energy concentration. The paper then recounts earlier work in Fast Ignition and the uses of pulsed power for HED and fusion applications. It concludes with a description of a method for improving pulsed power driven hohlraums that could potentially provide a factor of 10 in energy at NIF-like drive conditions and reach the energy bound for indirect drive ICF.

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“…[3] Cylindrical z-pinches are also being used as radiation sources for indirectly driving fusion pellets via ablation. [4,5,6] Direct-drive quasi-spherical z-pinch compressions offer several advantages over x-ray ablatively driven pellets as fusion drivers. One advantage is efficiency.…”

Section: Layout Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi-spherical direct drive fusion.

VanDevender¹,

Abbott²,

Langston³

et al. 2007

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We present designs of quasi-spherical direct drive z-pinch loads for machines such as ZR at 28 MA load current with a 150 ns implosion time (QSDD1). A double shell system for ZR has produced a 2D simulated yield of 12 MJ, but the drive for this system on ZR has essentially no margin. A double shell system for a 56 MA driver at 150 ns implosion has produced a simulated yield of 130 MJ with considerable margin in attaining the necessary temperature and density-radius product for ignition. We also present designs for a magnetically insulated current amplifier, (MICA), that modify the attainable ZR load current to 36 MA with a 28 ns rise time. The faster pulse provided by a MICA makes it possible to drive quasispherical single shell implosions (QSDD2). We will present results from 1D LASNEX and 2D MACH2 simulations of promising low-adiabat cryogenic QSDD2 capsules and 1D LASNEX results of high-adiabat cryogenic QSDD2 capsules. 4 5

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Two-dimensional radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of SATURN imploding Z pinches

Cited by 95 publications

References 10 publications

One- and two-dimensional density and temperature measurements of an argon-neon Z-pinch plasma at stagnation

One- and two-dimensional density and temperature measurements of an argon-neon Z-pinch plasma at stagnation

Alternative Approaches to High Energy Density Fusion

Quasi-spherical direct drive fusion.

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