Two-dimensional spatial-frequency-modulated imaging through parallel acquisition of line images

Abstract

This Letter demonstrates a two-dimensional imaging technique that uses a line scan camera to resolve one spatial dimension and temporal modulation to resolve the perpendicular dimension. A temporal intensity modulation, which increases linearly in frequency along one direction is applied to an illumination beam. The modulated light distribution is imaged onto an object then onto a line scan camera oriented perpendicularly to the direction of the modulation sweep. A line diffuser is placed shortly before the line scan camera and diffuses light along the direction of modulation so that each pixel collects all modulation frequencies.

Three-dimensional single-pixel imaging of incoherent light with spatiotemporally modulated illumination

“…The synthesized intensity in CHIRPT is designed to provide a linear sweep of transverse spatial frequencies in the $\hat{x}$ dimension with time, such that $\Delta {\mathrm{boldk}}_t\cdot \widehat{x}=\text{2}\pi \kappa tx.$ We have so far demonstrated this modulation scheme in one [7–10,13–15,17] or two [25,26] transverse spatial dimensions, thereby encoding transverse spatial frequencies in one or two dimensions. These modulation patterns result in a number of advantages for SPI, which we discuss in Section 6.…”

Parallelized volumetric fluorescence microscopy with a reconfigurable coded incoherent light-sheet array

“…In contrast to the existing frequencymultiplexed imaging approaches, which are adopted for 1D line illumination [27][28][29][30] , CLAM multiplexes 2D image stacks to enable parallelized 3D imaging. Among the available spatial light modulation techniques [27][28][29][30][31] , here, for simplicity, we adopt a spinning patterned reticle that provides a frequency-chirped intensity modulation across the light-sheet array ( Supplementary Fig. S1) 30,31 .…”

“…Among the available spatial light modulation techniques [27][28][29][30][31] , here, for simplicity, we adopt a spinning patterned reticle that provides a frequency-chirped intensity modulation across the light-sheet array ( Supplementary Fig. S1) 30,31 .…”

Third-harmonic generation at interfaces with femtosecond pulses: self-focusing contribution and nonlinear microscopy

“…As mentioned earlier, THG is a nonlinear optical process that can be used for nonlinear microscopy and, in this way, we report a microscopy technique based on spatial frequency-modulated imaging (SPIFI), [16][17][18][19] with a programmable 2D spatial light modulator (SLM). With this technique we were able of getting TH images, as well as images by other nonlinear optical processes such as Two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) [20][21][22] and Second-harmonic generation (SHG).…”

“…The SPIFI technique has been used to obtain two-dimensional images of absorptive and fluorescent objects 16 and also twophoton excitation fluorescence (TPEF) imaging. 79 SPIFI has been extended to twodimensional imaging through parallel acquisition of line images 17 and to the combination of features of spatially chirped modulation with spectral encoding. 81 Recently, SPIFI has been shown to have the added benefit of superresolved multimodal imaging.…”