Two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (2D h-BN), a
representative
of 2D layered materials with unique structure and properties, is one
of the most promising inorganic nanomaterials in recent years. The
excellent properties of h-BN in the mid-infrared (MIR) region (∼2–20
μm) have also received much attention. At the same time, with
the advancement of materials exploration and device-on-chip integrated
systems, the synthesis of high-quality h-BN has encountered great
challenges, which is a prerequisite for the application of h-BN in
the MIR region. In this paper, we first review the recent advances
in 2D h-BN synthesis by highlighting the research, advantages and
disadvantages of various synthesis methods, and the critical issues
encountered so far. Then, advances in the study and application of
h-BN in the MIR region are explored, including perfect absorption,
photodetectors, electro-optical modulators, phonon polaritons, and
plasma excitons. Finally, we present our views on the challenges encountered
in the synthesis and application of 2D h-BN in the MIR region in the
near future in the context of the article’s discussion and
the potential of h-BN development, with the hope this review will
be of some help to relevant researchers.