Two‐month‐old infants match phonetic information in lips and voice

Patterson, Michelle; Werker, Janet F.

doi:10.1111/1467-7687.00271

Cited by 255 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As a result, we predicted that young infants would match monkey faces and voices, but that older infants would not. This finding would differ markedly from previous findings showing that infants can match human faces and voices as early as 2 months of age and as late as 12 months of age (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8).…”

contrasting

confidence: 99%

“…However, given the nature of the methodology, this was impractical: infants typically do not tolerate more than the four test trials in a testing session. Also, a large body of evidence shows clearly that human infants as young as 2 months of age and as old as 12 months of age can make intraspecies (human face-voice) intersensory matches in the same kind of task used here (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Thus, it is unlikely that the subjects used in the current study would be exceptional in this capacity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In order for them to have veridical and meaningful social experiences with such people, infants must be able to integrate particular faces and voices by detecting their correspondences. Indeed, a number of studies have shown that, beginning as early as 2 months of age, infants begin to exhibit the ability to perceive face-voice correspondences (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Despite this fact, however, the developmental process underlying intersensory integration of faces and voices, as well as more general intersensory processes, remain poorly understood.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The decline of cross-species intersensory perception in human infants

Lewkowicz

Ghazanfar

2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

141

175

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Between 6 and 10 months of age, infants become better at discriminating among native voices and human faces and worse at discriminating among nonnative voices and other species' faces. We tested whether these unisensory perceptual narrowing effects reflect a general ontogenetic feature of perceptual systems by testing across sensory modalities. We showed pairs of monkey faces producing two different vocalizations to 4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-month-old infants and asked whether they would prefer to look at the corresponding face when they heard one of the two vocalizations. Only the two youngest groups exhibited intersensory matching, indicating that perceptual narrowing is pan-sensory and a fundamental feature of perceptual development.crossmodal ͉ face processing ͉ multisensory F rom the moment of birth, infants find themselves in a socially rich environment where they see and hear other people. In order for them to have veridical and meaningful social experiences with such people, infants must be able to integrate particular faces and voices by detecting their correspondences. Indeed, a number of studies have shown that, beginning as early as 2 months of age, infants begin to exhibit the ability to perceive face-voice correspondences (1-8). Despite this fact, however, the developmental process underlying intersensory integration of faces and voices, as well as more general intersensory processes, remain poorly understood. Current theoretical views assume either that basic intersensory perceptual abilities are present at birth and become increasingly differentiated and refined over age (9) or that such abilities are not present at birth and only emerge gradually during the first years of life as a result of the child's active exploration of the world (10, 11).Most empirical evidence supports the former, differentiation, view in showing that basic intersensory perceptual abilities are already present in infancy and that as infants grow these abilities change and improve in significant ways (12, 13). For example, young human infants can perceive lower-order intersensory relations based on such attributes as intensity (14), temporal synchrony (15, 16), and duration (17), but do not integrate auditory and visual spatial cues (18). In contrast, older infants can perceive higher-order intersensory relations based on such attributes as affect (6) and gender (3), become capable of learning arbitrary intersensory associations (19) and can integrate auditory and visual spatial cues (18). Findings from studies of underlying neural mechanisms of intersensory integration in cats and rhesus monkeys show a similar pattern. Whereas multisensory cells in the superior colliculus of adult cats and rhesus monkeys integrate auditory and visual cues in spatial localization tasks, these cells do not integrate them in neonatal cats and monkeys (20,21). Together, extant findings suggest a general developmental pattern consisting of the initial emergence of low-level intersensory abilities, a subsequent agedependent refinement and improvement ...

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confidence: 83%

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The decline of cross-species intersensory perception in human infants

Lewkowicz

Ghazanfar

2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

141

175

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“…This is a combination response rather than a fusion response [Omata & Mogi, 2008].) Although there is no evidence that infants are capable of integrating auditory and visual speech information into a single percept before 4.5 months of age (see above), Patterson and Werker (2003) showed that infants as young as 2 months are sensitive to (co-occurring) matching/mismatching audio-visual speech stimuli.…”

Section: The Current Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Audio-visual speech perception in infants and toddlers with Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome, and Williams syndrome

D’Souza

Johnson

et al. 2016

Infant Behavior and Development

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“…Infants with normal hearing demonstrate sensitivity to auditory-visual integration processes within the first few months of life (Burnham & Dodd, 2004;Lewkowicz, 2000;Patterson & Werker, 2003). Children with hearing loss who had received a cochlear implant after 30 months of age did not consistently report fused auditory-visual percepts in a McGurk stimuli task (Schorr, Fox, van Wassenhove, & Knudsen, 2005).…”

Section: Considerations For the Erp Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing facial motion affects auditory processing in noise

Gilbert

Lansing

Garnsey

2012

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Speech perception, especially in noise, may be maximized if the perceiver observes the naturally occurring visual-plus-auditory cues inherent in the production of spoken language. Evidence is conflicting, however, about which aspects of visual information mediate enhanced speech perception in noise. For this reason, we investigated the relative contributions of audibility and the type of visual cue in three experiments in young adults with normal hearing and vision. Relative to static visual cues, access to the talker's phonetic gestures in speech production, especially in noise, was associated with (a) faster response times and sensitivity for speech understanding in noise, and (b) shorter latencies and reduced amplitudes of auditory N1 eventrelated potentials. Dynamic chewing facial motion also decreased the N1 latency, but only meaningful linguistic motions reduced the N1 amplitude. The hypothesis that auditory-visual facilitation is distinct to properties of natural, dynamic speech gestures was partially supported. Keywords Evoked potentials . Multisensory processing . Speech perceptionEveryone experiences difficulty understanding speech at some point, especially in noisy environments or in the presence of a hearing loss. The natural setting for speech communication is in a face-to-face environment where people can both hear the speech and see the face of the talker. Considerable evidence has shown that performance on speech perception tasks improves when information from both auditory and visual modalities is available

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Two‐month‐old infants match phonetic information in lips and voice

Cited by 255 publications

References 27 publications

The decline of cross-species intersensory perception in human infants

The decline of cross-species intersensory perception in human infants

Audio-visual speech perception in infants and toddlers with Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome, and Williams syndrome

Seeing facial motion affects auditory processing in noise

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