The formation of three mixed binary
charge transfer (CT) cocrystals with tunable photoluminescence behavior
featuring both CT interaction and directional hydrogen bonding is
presented. Our strategy consists of the CT induced cocrystallization
of three polycyclic (naphthalene, anthracene, and pyrene) carrying
α-cyanostilbene (CS) derivatives, namely, 3-(naphthalene-2-yl)-2-(p-tolyl) acrylonitrile (NPA), 3-(anthracene-9-yl)-2-phenylacrylonitrile
(APA), and 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(pyrene-1-yl) acrylonitrile (MPA)
as donors (D) with 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene (TCNB) as an acceptor
(A). The as-prepared cocrystals were probed in detail by various analytical
techniques, namely, X-ray diffraction data, vibrational spectroscopy,
diffuse reflectance absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence properties,
and fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes, affirming the formation
of CT complexes. Complex IA features a mixed stack arrangement
(D–A–D–A–D), while IIA and IIIA revealed (DAD---DAD) stack arrangement. The CT products
showed distinct tunable emission colors and photoluminescence characteristics,
which is closely associated with the CT interactions between the donor
and acceptor moiety, and ionization potential or the π-electron
rich character of the polycyclic moiety of the donor molecule. This
research demonstrates the development of new hybrid CT functional
materials with enhanced optical properties such as absorption, fluorescence
emissions, and lifetimes compared to the pristine donors, which is
important for the exploration of new solid-state luminescent materials.