Two-Phase Non-Newtonian Pulsatile Blood Flow Simulations in a Rigid and Flexible Patient-Specific Left Coronary Artery (LCA) Exhibiting Multi-Stenosis

Athani, Abdulgaphur; Ghazali, Nik Nazri Nik; Badruddin, Irfan Anjum; Usmani, Abdullah Y.; Kamangar, Sarfaraz; Anqi, Ali E.; Ahammad, N. Ameer

doi:10.3390/app112311361

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This comparative analysis underscores the critical role of an appropriate outlet boundary condition as it is capable of predicting the pressure/flow relationships in the arteries with a reasonable degree of accuracy 32 . As highlighted in prior research, the maximum pressure drop occurs near severe stenosis regions, and there is an elevated velocity of flow within constrained segments 14 , 22 , 34 , 43 . These findings are consistently depicted in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Non-invasive fractional flow reserve estimation in coronary arteries using angiographic images

Edrisnia,

Sarkhosh,

Mohebbi

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Coronary artery disease is the leading global cause of mortality and Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) is widely regarded as the gold standard for assessing coronary artery stenosis severity. However, due to the limitations of invasive FFR measurements, there is a pressing need for a highly accurate virtual FFR calculation framework. Additionally, it’s essential to consider local haemodynamic factors such as time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), which play a critical role in advancement of atherosclerosis. This study introduces an innovative FFR computation method that involves creating five patient-specific geometries from two-dimensional coronary angiography images and conducting numerical simulations using computational fluid dynamics with a three-element Windkessel model boundary condition at the outlet to predict haemodynamic distribution. Furthermore, four distinct boundary condition methodologies are applied to each geometry for comprehensive analysis. Several haemodynamic features, including velocity, pressure, TAWSS, and oscillatory shear index are investigated and compared for each case. Results show that models with average boundary conditions can predict FFR values accurately and observed errors between invasive FFR and virtual FFR are found to be less than 5%.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Non-invasive fractional flow reserve estimation in coronary arteries using angiographic images

Edrisnia,

Sarkhosh,

Mohebbi

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…Compared to previous research [4], this study focused more on the impact of vascular walls on blood flow velocity and the resulting stress. Taking inspiration from Sandeep Sreelakshmi [5] , the rigid walls were replaced with flexible walls to ensure that the boundary conditions corresponded to reality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both parties analyzed the plaque and fluid regions but overlooked the impact of flexible walls on the narrow area and the resulting wall displacement, as well as the changes in stress caused by wall displacement in the narrow area. Athani Abdulgaphur [4] et al studied the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and left circumflex (LCX) using a rigid model and numerical simulations based on bidirectional fluid-structure coupling, demonstrating significant differences in the distribution of wall shear stress (WSS). Sandeep [5] and Shine performed hemodynamic analysis on narrow and dilated left coronary arteries using six mathematical models to explore the distribution of WSS and blood flow velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the impact of different branching angles on the coronary flow field based on fluid-structure interaction

Bai,

Han,

Wang

2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The bifurcation angle of the coronary artery can have an impact on blood flow velocity, especially in the narrow region, where the flow velocity becomes more pronounced, leading to further deterioration of the stenosis in that area. In order to investigate the effect of bifurcation angle on the coronary blood flow field, four bifurcation angle models were established in Solidworks, and a bidirectional fluid-solid coupling method was used to numerically simulate the blood distribution. The changes in the blood flow field at different periods were analyzed. The results showed that the blood flow velocity distribution was similar in the same model at different periods, with high flow velocity mainly concentrated in the coronary artery trunk and smooth branching flow velocity. The flow velocity was different at various periods, resulting in a large difference in the WSS range, which was most obvious during the peak diastolic period. The bifurcation angle had the most significant effect on TAWSS, and as the bifurcation angle increased, the area of the high TAWSS region continued to expand. A small amount of vortex at the bifurcation ridge affected the shear stress direction, resulting in a high OSI (>0.3) region in that area. In conclusion, the bifurcation angle has a significant effect on TAWSS, with the most significant fluctuation in the 37.5° to 42.5° range, and there may be a critical angle causing the fluctuation in between.

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“…where u represents the velocity, ρ represents the fluid density, μ represents the dynamic viscosity, t represents the time, and p represents the pressure 69,70 .…”

Section: Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

3D bioprinted multilayered cerebrovascular conduits to study cancer extravasation mechanism related with vascular geometry

Park,

Lee,

Gao

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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Cerebral vessels are composed of highly complex structures that facilitate blood perfusion necessary for meeting the high energy demands of the brain. Their geometrical complexities alter the biophysical behavior of circulating tumor cells in the brain, thereby influencing brain metastasis. However, recapitulation of the native cerebrovascular microenvironment that shows continuities between vascular geometry and metastatic cancer development has not been accomplished. Here, we apply an in-bath 3D triaxial bioprinting technique and a brain-specific hybrid bioink containing an ionically crosslinkable hydrogel to generate a mature three-layered cerebrovascular conduit with varying curvatures to investigate the physical and molecular mechanisms of cancer extravasation in vitro. We show that more tumor cells adhere at larger vascular curvature regions, suggesting that prolongation of tumor residence time under low velocity and wall shear stress accelerates the molecular signatures of metastatic potential, including endothelial barrier disruption, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, inflammatory response, and tumorigenesis. These findings provide insights into the underlying mechanisms driving brain metastases and facilitate future advances in pharmaceutical and medical research.

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Two-Phase Non-Newtonian Pulsatile Blood Flow Simulations in a Rigid and Flexible Patient-Specific Left Coronary Artery (LCA) Exhibiting Multi-Stenosis

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Non-invasive fractional flow reserve estimation in coronary arteries using angiographic images

Non-invasive fractional flow reserve estimation in coronary arteries using angiographic images

Analysis of the impact of different branching angles on the coronary flow field based on fluid-structure interaction

3D bioprinted multilayered cerebrovascular conduits to study cancer extravasation mechanism related with vascular geometry

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