Two-photon fluorescence microscope with a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber

Tai, Shih Peng; Chan, Ming-Che; Tsai, Tsung Han; Guol, Shi Hao; Chen, Li Jin; Sun, Chia‐Liang

doi:10.1364/opex.12.006122

Cited by 52 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Moreover, within the transmission window of PBF, which is called the bandgap and usually covers a spectral range of several tens to over a hundred nanometers, there is usually a wavelength at which group velocity (chromatic) dispersion vanishes (Box 1). Pulses centered at this wavelength scarcely suffer any broadening, making PBF an excellent choice for pulse delivery 16,17,38,53,54 . For other transmitted wavelengths only tens of nanometers away, however, dispersive pulse broadening can be more severe than in conventional SMF.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fiber-optic fluorescence imaging

et al. 2005

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Optical fibers guide light between separate locations and enable new types of fluorescence imaging. Fiber-optic fluorescence imaging systems include portable handheld microscopes, flexible endoscopes well suited for imaging within hollow tissue cavities and microendoscopes that allow minimally invasive high-resolution imaging deep within tissue. A challenge in the creation of such devices is the design and integration of miniaturized optical and mechanical components. Until recently, fiber-based fluorescence imaging was mainly limited to epifluorescence and scanning confocal modalities. Two new classes of photonic crystal fiber facilitate ultrashort pulse delivery for fiber-optic two-photon fluorescence imaging. An upcoming generation of fluorescence imaging devices will be based on microfabricated device components.Fiber-optic fluorescence imaging has become increasingly versatile over the last decade as fiber-based devices have declined in size but gained in functionality. Three classes of applications in live animal and human subjects provide the primary motivations for innovation in fiber-optic imaging. First, basic research on biological and disease processes would benefit enormously from instrumentation that permits cellular imaging under conditions in which conventional light microscopy cannot be used. Many cell types reside within hollow tissue tracts or deep within solid organs that are inaccessible to optical imaging without devices that can reach such locations in a minimally invasive manner. Flexible fiber-optic devices also allow handheld imaging and imaging in freely moving animals 1 . Second, fiber devices might be implanted within live subjects for long-term imaging studies. This capability will not only benefit research on the cellular effects of aging, development or experience, but also will lead to new in vivo assays for testing of drugs and therapeutics. By allowing examination of cells concurrently with observation of disease symptoms and animal behavior, fiber-optic imaging will permit studies correlating cellular properties and disease outcome in individual subjects over time and could reduce the numbers of animals needed. A third set of applications concerns development of minimally invasive clinical diagnostics and surgical procedures 2 . Although much work remains, fiber-optic instrumentation has already broadened the applicability of in vivo fluorescence imaging.The seeds for development of fiber optic in vivo imaging were planted by early uses of fiberoptics and fluorescence for chemical sensing and spectroscopy, including classic work on detection of intracellular redox states [3][4][5] . Use of fiber optics for remote sensing and spectroscopy remains strong today 6 , and has expanded to include bioluminescence detection 7 . The recent proliferation of fluorescent probes has widened the set of potential uses © 2005 Nature Publishing Group Correspondence should be addressed to M.J.S (mschnitz@stanford.edu). COMPETING INTERESTS STATEMENTThe authors declare that they have no co...

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confidence: 99%

“…The simplest application of fiber-optics in microscopy is remote delivery of light [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] , which allows the excitation light source or photodetectors to reside apart from a conventional microscope. Optical fiber also enables miniaturized or compact forms of microscopy for portable usage 1, 17 , 18.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fiber-optic fluorescence imaging

et al. 2005

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“…It has been shown that with the same pulse energy, the excitation efficiencies of TPF and SHG are inversely proportional to the pulse width, s (Shen, 1984, Boyd, 1992, Yariv, 1997, Myaing et al, 2000Tai et al, 2004). The pulse-width measurement experimental setup is shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to the degradation of multiphoton and multiharmonic excitation efficiencies, few groups (Flusberh et al, 2005;Göbel et al, 2004;Myaing et al, 2006;Piyawattanametha et al, 2006) have demonstrated fiber-based beam-scanning nonlinear endoscopes. The degradation of nonlinear excitation efficiency comes from temporal broadening of femtosecond pulses inside optical fibers (Clark et al, 2001;Myaing et al, 2000;Tai et al, 2004), where pulse broadening originates from the fiber dispersion and nonlinear effects. Recently, several groups have recovered the excitation efficiency by precompensating the group velocity dispersion and lowering the nonlinear effects with a grating pair at the fiber's entrance (Clark et al, 2001;Göbel et al, 2004;Myaing et al, 2000Myaing et al, , 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cr:Forsterite‐laser‐based fiber‐optic nonlinear endoscope with higher efficiencies

Chan¹,

Chu²,

Tseng³

et al. 2008

Microscopy Res & Technique

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We demonstrate a beam-scanning nonlinear light endoscope based on a flexible fiber bundle. Excited with a femtosecond Cr:Forsterite laser, the degradation in multiphoton multiharmonic excitation efficiency due to the pulse-broadening effect is significantly reduced without utilizing any external devices. The system resolution has been characterized to be 5.4 microm in the two-photon fluorescence endoscope, limited by the sampling theory. Finally, several image examples have been given.

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“…To circumvent this problem specialty optical fibers are used for the transport of such high-peak-power ultra-short pulses. Some of these fibers are photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) [3,4], rod-type fibers [5], and fewmode fibers [6,7,8]. PCF can show efficient single-mode operation and can maintain good beam quality in the output pulses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%