Two-photon polymerization based large scaffolds for adhesion and proliferation studies of human primary fibroblasts

Trautmann, Anika; Rüth, Marieke; Lemke, Horst‐Dieter; Walther, Thomas; Hellmann, Ralf

doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2018.05.008

Cited by 37 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Because ω 0 depends on NA, by changing the objective, one can relatively easily tune the size of the modified volume. Indeed, in most cases, RM requires relatively big structures (up to cm) with features in the range up to tens of μm [16,27,28]. This is substantially bigger than the hundred nm level features possible with 3DLL.…”

Section: Initiation Propagation Terminationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The latter, alongside the two requirements mentioned previously, also have to be biocompatible and/or have properties beneficial for RM. Furthermore, RM research relies on structures with sizes well into the mm scale [16,27,28] and statistical testing based on simultaneous examination of multiple structures. This requires high-throughput fabrication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Polymers for Regenerative Medicine Structures Made via Multiphoton 3D Lithography

Merkininkaitė

Gailevičius

Šakirzanovas

et al. 2019

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Multiphoton 3D lithography is becoming a tool of choice in a wide variety of fields. Regenerative medicine is one of them. Its true 3D structuring capabilities beyond diffraction can be exploited to produce structures with diverse functionality. Furthermore, these objects can be produced from unique materials allowing expanded performance. Here, we review current trends in this research area. We pay particular attention to the interplay between the technology and materials used. Thus, we extensively discuss undergoing light-matter interactions and peculiarities of setups needed to induce it. Then, we continue with the most popular resins, photoinitiators, and general material functionalization, with emphasis on their potential usage in regenerative medicine. Furthermore, we provide extensive discussion of current advances in the field as well as prospects showing how the correct choice of the polymer can play a vital role in the structure’s functionality. Overall, this review highlights the interplay between the structure’s architecture and material choice when trying to achieve the maximum result in the field of regenerative medicine.

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Section: Initiation Propagation Terminationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymers for Regenerative Medicine Structures Made via Multiphoton 3D Lithography

Merkininkaitė

Gailevičius

Šakirzanovas

et al. 2019

International Journal of Polymer Science

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“…This is due to the fact that photosensitive material is only modified around the focus position of the applied laser beam. OrmoComp ® (micro resist technology, Berlin, Germany), an organic-inorganic hybrid polymer, is an appropriate material to write microneedles with this nonlinear polymerization process showing enough hardness to penetrate the stratum corneum layer 17 and being tested for biocompatibility 25,26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a versatile point-of-care system combining femtosecond laser generated microfluidic channels and direct laser written microneedle arrays

et al. 2019

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Microneedle-based microfluidic systems have a great potential to become well-accepted medical devices for simple, accurate, and painless drug delivery and lab-on-a-chip diagnostics. In this work, we report on a novel hybrid approach combining femtosecond direct laser written microneedles with femtosecond laser generated microfluidic channels providing an important step towards versatile medical point-of-care systems. Hollow microneedle arrays are fabricated by a laser system designed for two-photon polymerization applications. Compression tests of two different types of truncated cone-shaped microneedle arrays prepared from OrmoComp® give information about the microneedle mechanical strength, and the results are compared to skin insertion forces. Three-dimensional microchannels are directly created inside PMMA bulk material by an ultrashort pulse laser system with vertical channels having adjustable cross-sectional areas, which allow attaching of microneedles to the microfluidic system. A comprehensive parameter study varying pulse duration and repetition rate is performed on two-photon polymerization to identify an optimal laser power range for fabricating microneedles using the same pulse duration and repetition rate as for microchannels. This addresses the advantage of a single laser system process that overcomes complex fabrication methods. A proof of concept flow test with a rhodamine B dye solution in distilled water demonstrates that the combination of microneedles and microchannels qualifies for microfluidic injection and extraction applications.

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“…Importantly, 3D polymer microstructures may act as scaffolds for tissue engineering 33 . Various emerging research approaches make use of 3D polymer microstructures to develop an increased understanding via in vitro studies in various areas of medical research relevance, concretely in the area of cancer 31,34,35 , neuronal 25,[36][37][38] , primary/stem cell research [39][40][41][42][43][44][45] and even reached in vivo applications 46 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-beam two-photon polymerization for fast large area 3D periodic structure fabrication for bioapplications

Maibohm

Silvestre

Borme

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Two-photon polymerization (TPP) is capable of fabricating 3D structures with dimensions from sub-µm to a few hundred µm. As a direct laser writing (DLW) process, fabrication time of 3D TPP structures scale with the third order, limiting its use in large volume fabrication. Here, we report on a scalable fabrication method that cuts fabrication time to a fraction. A parallelized 9 multi-beamlets DLW process, created by a fixed diffraction optical element (DOE) and subsequent stitching are used to fabricate large periodic high aspect ratio 3D microstructured arrays with sub-micron features spanning several hundred of µm 2. The wall structure in the array is designed with a minimum of traced lines and is created by a low numerical aperture (NA) microscope objective, leading to self-supporting lines omitting the need for line-hatching. The fabricated periodic arrays are applied in a cell-3D microstructure interaction study using living HeLa cells. First indications of increased cell proliferation in the presence of 3D microstructures compared to planar surfaces are obtained. Furthermore, the cells adopt an elongated morphology when attached to the 3D microstructured surfaces. Both results constitute promising findings rendering the 3D microstructures a suited tool for cell interaction experiments, e.g. for cell migration, separation or even tissue engineering studies. 3D fabrication approaches including electro-spinning, nano-imprinting, additive 3D printing of ceramics, metals and plastics together with other forms of bottom-up techniques, have revolutionized tissue and organ engineering, cell migration research and other applications in biomedical research 1-6. Additionally, advanced light-induced material processing techniques have been developed including mask-less and rapid micro-fabrication and-machining, e.g. for surface structuring, ablation and modifications 7-10. Belonging to this class of methods is direct laser writing (DLW) based micro-fabrication, where single-photon DLW can fabricate 2D and 2.5D type structures, while the inherent sectioning capability of multi-photon based DLW allows the fabrication of 3D microstructures 11-14. DLW has shown versatility in the fabrication of high-quality micro-optical elements 12 , waveguides 15 , and micro-machines 16. Laser-based manufacturing is capable of processing bio-compatible materials 17-19. As an optical technique DLW is limited by optical diffraction. Therefore, achievable feature sizes relate to the wavelength of the light source used. The microfabrication resolution furthermore is governed by the material properties, including the polymerization or ablation thresholds. The combination of these two aspects ultimately may allow for fabricating feature sizes well below the optical diffraction limit 20-22. The DLW-based polymerization fabrication process is based on tracing the contours of the structure design in a photosensitive material, followed by a development step to remove the developed/undeveloped polymer to obtain the final microfabricated structure....

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Two-photon polymerization based large scaffolds for adhesion and proliferation studies of human primary fibroblasts

Cited by 37 publications

References 28 publications

Polymers for Regenerative Medicine Structures Made via Multiphoton 3D Lithography

Polymers for Regenerative Medicine Structures Made via Multiphoton 3D Lithography

Towards a versatile point-of-care system combining femtosecond laser generated microfluidic channels and direct laser written microneedle arrays

Multi-beam two-photon polymerization for fast large area 3D periodic structure fabrication for bioapplications

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