Two‐Stage Countercurrent Enzyme‐Assisted Aqueous Extraction Processing of Oil and Protein from Soybeans

Moura, J. M. L. N. de; Johnson, Lawrence A.

doi:10.1007/s11746-008-1341-8

Cited by 67 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The recycling and reuse of supercritical fluid is possible and thus minimizing waste generation and operating cost. Besides these due to the high initial investment on equipment's and instrumentations faces problem for popularization at commercial level [68].…”

Section: Supercritical Fluid Extraction (Sfe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Eco-Friendly Techniques for Extraction of Food Based Lipophilic Compounds from Biological Materials

Ae¹,

Singh²,

Nc³

et al. 2016

Nat Prod Chem Res

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Plant-based lipophilic compounds such as edible oils, phytochemicals, flavors, fragrances and colours are valuable products in the food, pharmaceutical and chemical industry. Extraction is one of the key processing steps in recovering and purifying lipophilic ingredients contained in plant-based materials. Lipophilic compounds are found in the cells of oil bearing plant seeds. Solvent extraction is the most common commercially used extraction method for low oil content materials. Solvent extraction has more extractability than existing commercial methods, but it also passes serious limitations and environmental issues. The Environmental Protection Agency has been much concerned regarding safety and environmental emissions associated with hexane usage in the solvent extraction process. Bio-solvents resulting from renewable raw materials and in particular from the biomass may become a solution of the existing problem. But the existing conventional extraction methods cannot respond to such solvent and hence need for new novel "Green" extraction technology having potential to overcome all limitations of existing technologies. This review will discuss the various possible novel eco-friendly extraction methods, their scientific concepts, principles, challenges, limitations and technological effort needed for successful implementation at the production scale.

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Section: Supercritical Fluid Extraction (Sfe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Eco-Friendly Techniques for Extraction of Food Based Lipophilic Compounds from Biological Materials

Ae¹,

Singh²,

Nc³

et al. 2016

Nat Prod Chem Res

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“…Extractability and recovery in the EAEP of soybeans have been improved by adopting flaking and extrusion, 12,13 better enzyme selection, enzyme-catalyzed cream de-emulsification, 14,15 and countercurrent two-stage EAEP instead of one-stage extraction.…”

Section: à11mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Asian populations consuming large amounts of soybean products have lower risks of osteoporosis and some chronic diseases, most notably heart disease and cancer. 18 An array of cancerpreventive phytochemicals has been identified in soy foods.…”

Section: à11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lunasin and Bowman-Birk Protease Inhibitor Concentrations of Protein Extracts from Enzyme-Assisted Aqueous Extraction of Soybeans

Moura

Hernández-Ledesma

Almeida

et al. 2011

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Lunasin and Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor (BBI) are two soybean peptides to which health-promoting properties have been attributed. Concentrations of these peptides were determined in skim fractions produced by enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction processing (EAEP) of extruded full-fat soybean flakes (an alternative to extracting oil from soybeans with hexane) and compared with similar extracts from hexanedefatted soybean meal. Oil and protein were extracted by using countercurrent twostage EAEP of soybeans at 1:6 solids-to-liquid ratio, 50C, pH 9.0, and 120 rpm for 1 h. Protein-rich skim fractions were produced from extruded full-fat soybean flakes using different enzyme strategies in EAEP: 0.5% protease (wt/g extruded flakes) used in both extraction stages; 0.5% protease used only in the second extraction stage; no enzyme used in either extraction stage. Countercurrent two-stage protein extraction of air-desolventized, hexane-defatted soybean flakes was used as a control. Protein extraction yields increased from 66% to 89-96% when using countercurrent two-stage EAEP with extruded full-fat flakes compared to 85% when using countercurrent two-stage protein extraction of air-desolventized, hexane-defatted soybean flakes. Extruding full-fat soybean flakes reduced BBI activity. Enzymatic hydrolysis reduced BBI contents of EAEP skims. Lunasin, however, was more resistant to both enzymatic hydrolysis and heat denaturation. Although using enzymes in both EAEP extraction stages yielded the highest protein and oil extractions, reducing enzyme use to only the second stage preserved much of the BBI and Lunasin. ABSTRACT: Lunasin and Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor (BBI) are two soybean peptides to which health-promoting properties have been attributed. Concentrations of these peptides were determined in skim fractions produced by enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction processing (EAEP) of extruded full-fat soybean flakes (an alternative to extracting oil from soybeans with hexane) and compared with similar extracts from hexane-defatted soybean meal. Oil and protein were extracted by using countercurrent twostage EAEP of soybeans at 1:6 solids-to-liquid ratio, 50°C, pH 9.0, and 120 rpm for 1 h. Protein-rich skim fractions were produced from extruded full-fat soybean flakes using different enzyme strategies in EAEP: 0.5% protease (wt/g extruded flakes) used in both extraction stages; 0.5% protease used only in the second extraction stage; no enzyme used in either extraction stage. Countercurrent two-stage protein extraction of air-desolventized, hexane-defatted soybean flakes was used as a control. Protein extraction yields increased from 66% to 89À96% when using countercurrent two-stage EAEP with extruded full-fat flakes compared to 85% when using countercurrent two-stage protein extraction of air-desolventized, hexane-defatted soybean flakes. Extruding full-fat soybean flakes reduced BBI activity. Enzymatic hydrolysis reduced BBI contents of EAEP skims. Lunasin, however, was more resistant to both enzymatic hydrolysis ...

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“…Stachyose and raffinose, two of the primary carbohydrates in soybeans, are indigestible by humans and other monogastrics but can be fermented by natural flora in the intestinal tract, causing discomforting gas buildup [17–19]. Stachyose and raffinose may also decrease the digestibility of foods which contain them [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Soybean Processing Intermediates for the Production of Ethanol and Concentration of Protein and Lipids

Long

Gibbons

2012

ISRN Microbiology

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Carbohydrates in soybeans are generally undesirable due to their low digestibility and because they “dilute” more valuable components (proteins, lipids). To remove these carbohydrates and raise the titer of more valuable components, ethanol production was investigated. Commercial enzymes (Novozyme cellulase, β-glucosidase, and pectinase) were added to ground soybeans (SB), soybean meal (SBM), soybean hulls (SH), and soybean white flakes (WF) at a 10% solids loading rate to quantify hydrolyzed glucan. Saccharification resulted in glucan reductions of 28%, 45%, 76%, and 80% (SBM, SB, SH, WF, resp.). Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) trials were conducted at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% solids loading with Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL Y-2034 and Scheffersomyces stipitis NRRL Y-7124, with protein, fiber, and lipids analyzed at SSF 10% solids and saccharification trials. S. cerevisiae and S. stipitis produced ~3–12.5 g/L ethanol and ~2.5–8.6 g/L ethanol, respectively, on SB, SBM, and WF over all solid loading rates. SH resulted in higher ethanol titers for both S. cerevisiae (~9–23 g/L) and S. stipitis (~9.5–14.5 g/L). Protein concentrations decreased by 2.5–10% for the SB, SBM, and WF, but increased by 53%–55% in SH. Oil concentrations increased by ~50% for SB; by ~500%–1300% for the others.

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Two‐Stage Countercurrent Enzyme‐Assisted Aqueous Extraction Processing of Oil and Protein from Soybeans

Cited by 67 publications

References 16 publications

Novel Eco-Friendly Techniques for Extraction of Food Based Lipophilic Compounds from Biological Materials

Novel Eco-Friendly Techniques for Extraction of Food Based Lipophilic Compounds from Biological Materials

Lunasin and Bowman-Birk Protease Inhibitor Concentrations of Protein Extracts from Enzyme-Assisted Aqueous Extraction of Soybeans

Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Soybean Processing Intermediates for the Production of Ethanol and Concentration of Protein and Lipids

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