Type 1 deiodinase activity and generation of triiodothyronine (T<sub>3</sub>) in prostate of sexually active rats

López-Juárez, Alejandra; Delgado, Gabriela; Aceves, Carmen; Anguiano, Brenda

doi:10.1002/pros.21015

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…[18,19,47,48], and, second, as a modulating factor to maintain the integrity and differentiation of prostate epithelium. First, T 3 directly stimulates glycosidase activity in normal prostate [14,15]; second, T 3 and androgens have synergistic effects on proliferation and expression of prostate-specific antigen in the differentiated tumoral cell line LNCaP [49]; and, third, there is a decrease of D1 activity (unpublished data) and a loss of responsiveness to T3 in the dedifferentiated prostate cancer cell line DU145 [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In both tissues, D1 activity is present at the onset of puberty and sexual maturity [17,18]. In non-sexually active males, we have found that the prostate T 3 concentration decreases with age, but long-term (1 and 5 months) continuation of sexual activity prevents the age-related decline [19]. It has been demonstrated that prostate D1 activity is under a complex endocrine control, mediated by inhibitory (androgens) and stimulatory (estrogens, prolactin, hyperthyroidism) factors [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Circulating and intraprostatic levels of T 3 were measured by a homologous radioimmunoassay, as previously described [19]. Prostates were homogenized in 4 vol (w/v) of cold methanol containing 1 mM PTU.…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postejaculatory Increase of Prostatic Triiodothyronine (T3) Depends on Sympathetic Innervation in the Rat1

Delgado‐González

Aceves

Anguiano

2011

Biology of Reproduction

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Thyronines are essential for the development of the male reproductive system, including the prostate gland. Metabolically active 3,5,3' triiodothyronine (T(3)) is generated mainly by the extrathyroidal, enzymatic 5'deiodination of the prohormone thyroxine (T(4)), which is catalyzed by deiodinases type 1 (D1) and type 2 (D2). Prostate D1 activity is highly expressed during puberty and declines with age, but continuous, long-term sexual activity prevents this reduction. The aims of this study were to characterize the changes in prostatic D1 activity in response to consecutive ejaculations and to determine whether sympathetic input participates in the local T(3) generation (D1 activity). D1 activity was analyzed in prostates of sexually experienced, 4-mo-old male rats after one to five ejaculations. D1 activity, T(3) concentrations, and the T(3)-dependent gene ornithine decarboxylase (Odc) were measured after the fourth ejaculation in prostates of intact, sham, and sympathectomized (Smpx, hypogastric nerve) rats. D1 activity was evaluated by the radio-iodine-release method; T(3) was measured by radioimmunoassay and Odc expression by real-time PCR. Data showed a gradual increase of prostate D1 activity in response to consecutive ejaculations. The highest activity was found after the fourth ejaculation, and it decreased after the fifth. The increase of prostate D1 activity after ejaculation was blocked in Smpx males as compared to intact or sham animals. The changes in D1 activity correlate with prostatic T(3) concentrations and Odc expression. Circulating levels of T(3) were not affected by consecutive ejaculations or by Smpx. These findings indicate that the postejaculatory increase in prostatic generation of T(3) depends on sympathetic input.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Postejaculatory Increase of Prostatic Triiodothyronine (T3) Depends on Sympathetic Innervation in the Rat1

Delgado‐González

Aceves

Anguiano

2011

Biology of Reproduction

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“…Later, it was shown that DIO1 enzymatic activity is present in the prostate of pubescent rats and in 3-month-old young-adult rats. In contrast, this activity is practically undetectable in the postnatal period and in rats older than five months of age ( 11 , 12 ). Sexual behavior is the central stimulus for prostate function, and a study in breeding rats showed that sexual activity prevents the decline of DIO1 activity associated with aging ( 12 ).…”

Section: Transport Uptake and Bioavailability Of Thyroid Hormones In ...mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In addition, DIO1 activity is under endocrine control; it is stimulated by T4, estrogens, and prolactin (PRL) and is negatively regulated by androgens ( 11 ). An association between enzymatic activity and prostatic T3 levels was observed during different physiological challenges ( 12 , 13 ). Nevertheless, the contribution of DIO1 to T3 generation has been questioned in recent years, and instead, it has been suggested that this enzyme contributes to iodine recycling ( 1 , 2 ).…”

Section: Transport Uptake and Bioavailability Of Thyroid Hormones In ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Prostate gland as a target organ of thyroid hormones: advances and controversies

Anguiano

Delgado‐González

et al. 2022

Endocrine Connections

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Thyroid hormones are involved in the development and function of the male reproductive system, but their effects on the prostate have been poorly studied. This work reviews studies related to the interrelationship between the thyroid and prostate. The information presented here is based upon bibliographic searches in PubMed using the following search terms: prostate combined with thyroid hormone or triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or deiodinase. We identified and searched 49 articles directly related to the issue, and discarded studies related to endocrine disruptors. The number of publications has grown in the last 20 years, considering that one of the first studies was published in 1965. This review provides information based on in vitro studies, murine models, and clinical protocols in patients with thyroid disorders. Studies indicate that thyroid hormones regulate different aspects of growth, metabolism, and prostate pathology, whose global effect depends on total and/or free concentrations of thyroid hormones in serum, local bioavailability and the endocrine androgen/thyronine context.

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A rise in T3/T4 ratio reduces the growth of prostate tumors in a murine model

Sánchez-Tusié

Rodríguez-Castelán

et al. 2020

Journal of Endocrinology

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Thyroxine (T4) promotes cell proliferation and tumor growth in prostate cancer models, but it is unknown if the increase in the triiodothyronine T3/T4 ratio could attenuate prostate tumor development. We assessed T3 effects on thyroid response, histology, proliferation, and apoptosis in the prostate of wild-type (WT) and TRAMP (transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate) mice. Physiological doses of T3 were administered in the drinking water (2.5, 5 and 15 µg/100 g body weight) for six weeks. None of the doses modified the body weight or serum levels of testosterone, but all of them reduced serum T4 levels by 50%, and the highest dose increased the T3/T4 ratio in TRAMP. In WT, the highest dose of T3 decreased cyclin D1 levels (immunohistochemistry) but did not modify prostate weight or alter the epithelial morphology. In TRAMP, this dose reduced tumor growth by antiproliferative mechanisms independent of apoptosis, but it did not modify the intraluminal or fibromuscular invasion of tumors. In vitro, in the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line, we found that both T3 and T4 increased the number of viable cells (Trypan blue assay), and only T4 response was fully blocked in the presence of an integrin-binding inhibitor peptide (RGD, arginine-glycine-aspartate). In summary, our data show that the prostate was highly sensitive to physiological T3 doses and suggest that in vivo, an increase in the T3/T4 ratio could be associated with the reduced weight of prostate tumors. Longitudinal studies are required to understand the role of thyroid hormones in prostate cancer progression.

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Type 1 deiodinase activity and generation of triiodothyronine (T₃) in prostate of sexually active rats

Abstract: The increased local generation of T(3) in prostate might be related to: (1) the differentiation/maturation that occurs at puberty and (2) the energy expenditure associated with maintaining the secretory activity of the glandular epithelium.

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Postejaculatory Increase of Prostatic Triiodothyronine (T3) Depends on Sympathetic Innervation in the Rat1

Postejaculatory Increase of Prostatic Triiodothyronine (T3) Depends on Sympathetic Innervation in the Rat1

Prostate gland as a target organ of thyroid hormones: advances and controversies

A rise in T3/T4 ratio reduces the growth of prostate tumors in a murine model

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Type 1 deiodinase activity and generation of triiodothyronine (T3) in prostate of sexually active rats

Abstract: The increased local generation of T(3) in prostate might be related to: (1) the differentiation/maturation that occurs at puberty and (2) the energy expenditure associated with maintaining the secretory activity of the glandular epithelium.

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Postejaculatory Increase of Prostatic Triiodothyronine (T3) Depends on Sympathetic Innervation in the Rat1

Postejaculatory Increase of Prostatic Triiodothyronine (T3) Depends on Sympathetic Innervation in the Rat1

Prostate gland as a target organ of thyroid hormones: advances and controversies

A rise in T3/T4 ratio reduces the growth of prostate tumors in a murine model

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Type 1 deiodinase activity and generation of triiodothyronine (T₃) in prostate of sexually active rats