Type-2 Diabetes and Kidney Stones: Impact of Diabetes Medications and Glycemic Control

Torricelli, Fábio César Miranda; De, Shubha; Gebreselassie, Surafel; Li, Ina; Sarkissian, Carl; Monga, Manoj

doi:10.1016/j.urology.2014.02.074

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In addition, insulin has been shown to enhance parallel uric acid and sodium reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule, which in turn resulted in hyperuricemia and decreased uric acid and sodium excretion. [ 11 ] This is a very important mechanism for preventing the urinary pH to decrease to very low levels. Insulin resistance may decrease the ammonium production by competitive mechanisms, direct lipo-toxicity and interference with the transport mechanisms in the tubular cell membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study, the mean fasting glucose level in diabetic participants was in the normal range (5.29 ± 1.24 mmol/L) though it was higher than that of non-diabetic participants. Torricelli et al[ 11 ] observed that there was an inverse correlation between HbA1c level and urine pH in patients with type-II diabetes. Glycemic control might have a protective effect for low urine pH and consequently reduce the risk of stone formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Difference in 24-Hour Urine Composition between Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Adults without Nephrolithiasis

et al. 2016

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BackgroundDiabetic patients are more likely to develop kidney stones than the general population. The underlying mechanisms for this disparity remain to be elucidated. Little is known about the relationship between urine composition and diabetes mellitus in non-stone-forming individuals. We sought to examine the differences in the 24-hour (24-h) urine composition between diabetic and non-diabetic adults who were not stone formers.MethodsA convenience sample of 538 individuals without a history of nephrolithiasis, gout, hyperparathyroidism, or gastroenteric diseases participated in this study. The 24-h urine profiles of 115 diabetic adults were compared with those of 423 non-diabetic adults. Diabetes was defined by self-reported physician diagnosis or medication use. All participants were non-stone formers confirmed by urinary tract ultrasonography. Participants provided a fasting blood sample and a single 24-h urine collection for stone risk analysis. Student’s t-test was used to compare mean urinary values. Linear regression models were adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, hypertension, fasting serum glucose, serum total cholesterol, estimated creatinine clearance rate and urinary factors.ResultsUnivariable analysis showed that the diabetic participants had significantly higher 24-h urine volumes and lower urine calcium and magnesium excretions than non-diabetic participants (all P < 0.05). After multivariate adjustment, no significant differences in 24-h urine composition were observed between diabetic and non-diabetic participants except for a slightly increased 24-h urine volume in diabetic participants (all P > 0.05). The main limitation of this study is that the convenience samples and self-reported data may have been sources of bias.ConclusionOur data showed that there were no differences in 24-h urine composition between diabetic and non-diabetic adults who are not stone formers. The reason for it might be the improved glycemic control in diabetic individuals in our study. Therefore, a tighter glycemic control might reduce stone formation in diabetic adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference in 24-Hour Urine Composition between Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Adults without Nephrolithiasis

et al. 2016

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“…Eisner and colleagues [44] demonstrated that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had more acidic urine. In addition, higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels have been demonstrated to be inversely related to urinary pH [45] . Dyslipidemia is also reported to be associated with low urine pH [19] .…”

Section: Metabolic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of metabolic syndrome and its components on the development of nephrolithiasis

Boyd

Wood

Whitaker

et al. 2018

Asian Journal of Urology

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The prevalence of kidney stone disease is increasing, afflicting 7%–11% of the United States population. Multiple systemic conditions, including obesity and diabetes, are also on the rise. Further, the literature has demonstrated a strong association between metabolic syndrome, its components, and kidney stone disease. In this article, we aim to review the associations of metabolic syndrome and nephrolithiasis, discussing the pathophysiology, urinary parameters, and clinical presentations. With this knowledge, urologists will have a more comprehensive understanding of this complex population of metabolic stone formers enabling improved patient management and treatment of stone disease.

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“…Urinary calculus formation is highly variable and a specific factor responsible cannot be identified in most patients. While age, gender, seasonality, anatomic abnormalities such as ureteropelvic junction obstruction, and metabolic risk factors such as diabetes mellitus type II have been reported [ 2 – 4 ], many other pathophysiologic, metabolic, and genetic factors responsible for urolithiasis are currently being examined. However, little is known about the association of environmental factors such as lunar phases on ureteral calculus resulting in renal colic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lunar Phases and Emergency Department Visits for Renal Colic Due to Ureteral Calculus

Yang¹,

Johnson²,

Fronczak³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundUrolithiasis affects an estimated 5% of the population and the lifetime risk of passing a stone in the urinary tract is estimated to be 8–10%. Urinary calculus formation is highly variable and while certain risk factors such as age, gender, seasonality, anatomic abnormality, and metabolic diseases have been identified, not much is known regarding the association of environmental factors such as lunar phases on renal colic. We conducted a retrospective study to test the hypothesis that full moon phase is an environmental factor associated for increased emergency department (ED) visits for renal colic due to ureteral calculus.MethodsWe analyzed 559 renal colic diagnoses by the ED at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in a 24-month period and compared them with corresponding lunar phases as well as supermoon events. The lunar phases were defined as full moon ± two days, new moon ± two days, and the days in-between as normal days according to the lunar calendar. Supermoon event dates were obtained from NASA.Results90 cases (16.1%) were diagnosed during full moon phase, 89 cases (15.9%) were diagnosed during new moon phase, and 380 cases (68.0%) were diagnosed during normal days. The incidence of renal colic showed no statistically significant association with lunar phases or supermoon events.ConclusionIn this retrospective longitudinal study with adequate power, neither full moon phase nor supermoon event exhibited an association with increased renal colic diagnoses due to ureteral calculus by the ED at the University of Nebraska Medical Center.

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Type-2 Diabetes and Kidney Stones: Impact of Diabetes Medications and Glycemic Control

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Difference in 24-Hour Urine Composition between Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Adults without Nephrolithiasis

Difference in 24-Hour Urine Composition between Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Adults without Nephrolithiasis

The influence of metabolic syndrome and its components on the development of nephrolithiasis

Lunar Phases and Emergency Department Visits for Renal Colic Due to Ureteral Calculus

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