Type freezing: exploiting attribute type monomorphism in tracing JIT compilers

Cheng, Lin; Ilbeyi, Berkin; Bolz-Tereick, Carl Friedrich; Batten, Christopher

doi:10.1145/3368826.3377907

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…AOT Performance: The performance of TypeScript relies on JavaScript compiler toolchain implementations. While the execution speed of JavaScript is slower than some AOT-compiled languages (C/C++) [34], the AOT performance of JavaScript [10] often falls behind the optimized JIT runtimes. For those concerned about the performance of statically compiled code, we choose AS-Benchmarks [35], a computeintensive benchmark suite provided by AssemblyScript, to compare the performance of AOT-compiled and JIT-compiled programs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Embedded Systems Development with TS-

Yu,

Tang,

Xiong

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The lack of flexibility and safety in C language development has been criti- cized for a long time, causing detriments to the development cycle and software quality in the embedded systems domain. TypeScript, as an optionally-typed dynamic language, offers the flexibility and safety that developers desire. With the advancement of Ahead-of-Time (AOT) compilation technologies for TypeScript and JavaScript, it has become feasible to write embedded applications using TypeScript. Despite the availability of writing AOT compiled programs with TypeScript, implementing a compiler toolchain for this purpose requires substantial effort. To simplify the design of languages and compilers, this paper presents a new compiler toolchain design methodology called TS−, which advocates the generation of target intermediate language code (such as C) from TypeScript rather than the construction of higher-level compiler tools and type systems on top of the intermediate language. TS− not only simplifies the design of the system but also provides developers with a quasi-native TypeScript development experience. This paper also presents Ts2Wasm, a prototype that implements TS− and allows compiling a subset of language TypeScript to WebAssembly (WASM). The tests from the repository TypeScript show that Ts2Wasm provides 3.8x as many features compared to the intermediate language (AssemblyScript). Regarding performance, Ts2Wasm offers a significant speed-up of 1.4x to 19x. Meanwhile, it imposes over 65% less memory overhead compared to Node.js in most cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Embedded Systems Development with TS-

Yu,

Tang,

Xiong

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Another aspect of the work by Wöß et al [20] is that it encodes type information in hidden classes. Cheng et al [4] take a similar approach. For eJSVM, we currently do not capture types in hidden classes.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately the huge memory footprint of modern JavaScript virtual machines (VMs) precludes their use in resource constrained embedded systems. The Raspberry Pi Pico micro controller, a typical micro controller for IoT, has only 256KB SRAM 4 . Thus, embedded systems require a specialized JavaScript VM that represents objects and their associated data structures in a space efficient form.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile Guided Offline Optimization of Hidden Class Graphs for JavaScript VMs in Embedded Systems

Ugawa

Marr

Jones

2022

Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on Virtual Machines and Intermediate Languages

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JavaScript is increasingly used for the Internet of Things (IoT) on embedded systems. However, JavaScript's memory footprint is a challenge, because normal JavaScript virtual machines (VMs) do not fit into the small memory of IoT devices. In part this is because a significant amount of memory is used by hidden classes, which are used to represent JavaScript's dynamic objects efficiently.In this research, we optimize the hidden class graph to minimize their memory use. Our solution collects the hidden class graph and related information for an application in a profiling run, and optimizes the graph offline. We reduce the number of hidden classes by avoiding introducing intermediate ones, for instance when properties are added one after another. Our optimizations allow the VM to assign the most likely final hidden class to an object at its creation. They also minimize re-allocation of storage for property values, and reduce the polymorphism of inline caches.We implemented these optimizations in a JavaScript VM, eJSVM, and found that offline optimization can eliminate 61.9% of the hidden classes on average. It also improves execution speed by minimizing the number of hidden class transitions for an object and reducing inline cache misses.CCS Concepts: • Software and its engineering → Virtual machines.

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“…Optimizations were activated for all implementations with flags like -Ofast, -march=native and --check-bounds=no. We use gcc 8.3.0, Julia 1.5.3, Python 3.8.5, Pythran 0.9.8, Numba 0.52 and an unreleased version of PyPy including optimizations described in [8].…”

Section: Jit Compilation Aot Compilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the ecological impact of computing through education and Python compilers

Augier

Bolz-Tereick

Guelton³

et al. 2021

Nat Astron

Self Cite

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We read with attention the comment by Zwart on The ecological impact of highperformance computing in astrophysics [1]. We fully agree with its take-home message: scientists should be mindful of their carbon footprint. One of the proposed solutions is to avoid the Python programming language. We advocate that this would be counterproductive and that scientific programs written in Python can be efficient and energy friendly. We argue that advancement of compiler technology, human factors and education are much more important than choice of language.

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Type freezing: exploiting attribute type monomorphism in tracing JIT compilers

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Enhancing Embedded Systems Development with TS-

Enhancing Embedded Systems Development with TS-

Profile Guided Offline Optimization of Hidden Class Graphs for JavaScript VMs in Embedded Systems

Reducing the ecological impact of computing through education and Python compilers

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