Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus Prevalence in Iranian Women with Normal Cervical Cytology: The Impact of Current HPV Vaccines

Hamkar, Rasool; Shoja, Zabihollah; Ghavami, Nastaran; Heydari, Nasrin; Farahmand, Mohammad; Jalilvand, Somayeh

doi:10.1159/000485898

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…HPV 16 and HPV 18 are the most prevalent HPV genotypes in women with normal Pap smear and cancerous samples [ 20 , 21 ]. Although the burden of HPV 16 and HPV 18 has reduced following vaccination, their potential contribution to cancer progression remains unchanged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of HPV 16 and HPV 18 Based on Partial Long Control Region in Iranian Women

Kesheh

Barazandeh

Kaffashi

et al. 2022

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and HPV 18 account for 75% of all cervical cancers. The L1 gene, encoding the major surface protein (MSP), is used to classify HPV types (lineages and sublineages), genotypes, and intratypic variants. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the lineages, sublineages, genetic variabilities, and mutation effects on transcription factor binding sites by using partial sequences of the HPV 16 and HPV 18 long control regions (LCRs) in these samples. Materials and Methods. After DNA isolation from 56 positive samples, the LCR of HPV 16 and HPV 18 were amplified using specific primers, and phylogenetic trees were drawn through MEGA X. Compared to the reference sequences, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. The transcription binding sites were also evaluated using the online PROMO database. Results. The LCRs of 52 samples were successfully sequenced. Overall, 81.58% of all HPV 16 variants belonged to the D1 sublineage, followed by A4 (13.16%), A1 (2.63%), and C1 (2.63%) sublineages. All HPV 18 isolates belonged to A sublineage, 92.85% to A3 sublineage, and 7.15% to A4 sublineage. Out of 27 SNPs in the HPV 16 LCR, A7382T, T7384G, C7387T, C7393G, A7431G, T7448C, and C7783A were HPV 16-specific. Also, among 14 SNPs in the HPV 18 LCR, C7577A and A7943T were not previously reported. An insertion (C) between 7432 and 7433 positions was identified in all studied HPV 16 variants. Besides, most of the HPV 16 mutations were embedded in the YY1, TFIID, Oct-2, and NF-1 binding sites, while c-Fos and MBF1, as the most common binding sites, were affected by HPV 18 LCR mutations. Conclusion. The present results showed that D1 and A3 were the dominant sublineages of HPV 16 and HPV 18, respectively. Therefore, women infected with these variants need to be examined in further longitudinal studies to obtain more information about the oncogenic potential of these dominant variants in Iran. Besides, YY1, TFIID, Oct-2, NF-1, c-Fos, and MBF1 were the most frequent binding sites, which were influenced by the mutations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of HPV 16 and HPV 18 Based on Partial Long Control Region in Iranian Women

Kesheh

Barazandeh

Kaffashi

et al. 2022

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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“…After intravenous anesthesia, the patients in the lithotomy position received local anesthesia in the cervix at four time-points (3,6,9, and 12 hours) with 2% xylocaine without vasoconstrictor using 2 ml per point. Then the LEEP was performed, hemostasis was performed with a roller-ball electrode, the cervix was dilated to Hegar number 8, and DUDA was placed (Figs 1 and 2) on the cervix and secured with four Prolene 2-0 stitches in the DUDA group.…”

Section: Surgical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most cases, after 6 to 12 months of infection, the immune system eliminates the virus. If the lesion persists, women may develop cancer precursor lesions in the cervix and, if not treated, cervical cancer [1][2][3][4]. The term used for cervical precursor lesions or high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is used to define lesions previously reported as moderate dysplasia (CIN II) and severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ (CIN III) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized clinical trial of a new anti–cervical stenosis device after conization by loop electrosurgical excision

et al. 2021

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Background The complications inherent to conization include vaginal bleeding, cervical stenosis, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and deep dyspareunia. Cervical stenosis is the most important complication due to the clinical repercussions. Studies show rates of cervical stenosis ranging from 1.3 to 19% after the Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP). Objective Our primary outcome was to compare the role of a new endocervical device to prevent cervical stenosis after LEEP in patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs). Methods A randomized clinical trial was performed including phases II and III for evaluation of a new device for cervical stenosis prevention. In Phase II, we included 25 patients who underwent LEEP and placement of the device to assess its toxicity and efficacy. In phase III, we compared two groups (with and without the use of an anti-stenosis device) to evaluate its efficacy and safety. Results From August 2015 to June 2018, 265 participants were randomized (Phase II: 25, Phase III: 120 with DUDA and 120 without DUDA). The toxicity during phase II was observed in only one patient (4%) with pain grade > 7. There were 7 cases of toxicity during Phase III, 2 in the DUDA group (1.8%), and 5 in the No DUDA group (4.5%). The complications rate was numerically higher in the No DUDA group (2.5x higher) than the DUDA group, but this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.52). The rate of cervical stenosis in DUDA group was (4–7,3%), and in No DUDA group was (4.3–5.8%) (p = 0.5). We did not find a significant difference when comparing the evolution at 3, 6, and 12 months in terms of cervical patency and visualization of the squamocolumnar junction (SCJ) during colposcopy. The DUDA group exhibited 15% to 19% nonvisualization of the SCJ, whereas that rate ranged from 10 to 12% in the No DUDA group. Conclusions The rate of cervical stenosis was not different comparing the use of a new device, specifically produced to prevent cervical stenosis, compared to no use after LEEP procedure. This clinical trial opens up space for a discussion of the utility of using cervical stenosis devices after LEEP. Perhaps in another type of conization it can be evaluated to avoid cervical stenosis.

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“…Among high-risk HPV types, HPV 16 and 18 are leading cause and responsible for almost 72% of cervical cancer [7]. Most studies on the prevalence of HPV types has indicated that HPV 16 and 18 are the most prevalent types in women with normal cervical cytology and invasive cervical cancer in Iran [8][9][10][11][12][13]. A meta-analysis was revealed that the five most common HPV types are HPV 16,18,31,39, and 45 in Iranian women with cervical cancer [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lineage analysis of human papillomavirus type 39 in cervical samples of Iranian women

Hosseini

Shoja

Arashkia

et al. 2021

Virol J

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Background The data with regards to the regional variants of distinct HPV types is of great value. Accordance with this, this study aimed to investigate the sequence variations of E6 gene and long control region of HPV 39 among normal, premalignant and malignant cervical samples in order to characterize the frequent HPV 39 variants circulating in Tehran, Iran. Methods In total, 70 cervical samples (45 normal, 16 premalignant, and 9 malignant samples) infected with HPV 39 were analyzed by nested-PCR and sequencing. Results Our results revealed that all samples belonged to A lineage. Almost all sequences (98.6%) were classified in A1 sublineage and only one sample (1.4%) was A2 sub lineage. Conclusions Our findings showed that lineages A, sublineage A1, is dominant in Tehran, Iran. However, the small sample size was the most important limitations of this study. Further studies with larger sample size from different geographical regions of Iran are necessary to estimate the pathogenicity risk of HPV 39 variants in this population.

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Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus Prevalence in Iranian Women with Normal Cervical Cytology: The Impact of Current HPV Vaccines

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Genetic Diversity of HPV 16 and HPV 18 Based on Partial Long Control Region in Iranian Women

Genetic Diversity of HPV 16 and HPV 18 Based on Partial Long Control Region in Iranian Women

A randomized clinical trial of a new anti–cervical stenosis device after conization by loop electrosurgical excision

Lineage analysis of human papillomavirus type 39 in cervical samples of Iranian women

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