Types of gaze movement: Variable interactions of eye and head movements

Zangemeister, Wolfgang H.; Stark, Lawrence

doi:10.1016/0014-4886(82)90228-x

Cited by 241 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Recently, evidence has been presented for an independent head controller in addition to the gaze controller, which can modulate the head component of the gaze shift. This is supported by findings reporting contextdependent head contributions to gaze shifts in addition to a stereotypical close coupling between the eye and the head (Bizzi et al 1972;Freedman and Sparks 1997b;Hanes and McCollum 2006;Monteon et al 2005;Oommen and Stahl 2005;Oommen et al 2004;Zangemeister and Stark 1982). This separate head drive could involve areas such as M1, FEF, and/or SEF and link to brain stem areas controlling the head, bypassing the superior colliculus (SC), which we assume to be part of the neural pathway involved in driving gaze.…”

Section: Differential Effects Of Attention On the Eye And The Headsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…However, we believe this is not likely the case. There is much independent evidence for a separate pathway for the head that is used during combined eye-head gaze shifts (Bizzi et al 1972;Freedman and Sparks 1997b;Hanes and McCollum 2006;Oommen and Stahl 2005;Oommen et al 2004;Zangemeister and Stark 1982). In contrast, although evidence has been shown for a saccade drive pathway from FEF to the brain stem that bypasses the SC, it appears that this pathway is not normally used by the brain, as evidenced by major deficits in saccade production when the SC is lesioned with moderate to little recovery, especially with respect to saccade latency (Albano and Wurtz 1982;Hanes et al 2005;Mohler and Wurtz 1977;Schiller et al 1980;Wurtz and Goldberg 1972).…”

Section: Differential Effects Of Attention On the Eye And The Headmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Influence of Attention on Gaze and Head Movements

Khan

Blohm²,

McPeek³

et al. 2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Khan AZ, Blohm G, McPeek RM, Lefèvre P. Differential influence of attention on gaze and head movements. J Neurophysiol 101: 198 -206, 2009. First published November 5, 2008 doi:10.1152/jn.90815.2008. A salient peripheral cue can capture attention, influencing subsequent responses to a target. Attentional cueing effects have been studied for head-restrained saccades; however, under natural conditions, the head contributes to gaze shifts. We asked whether attention influences head movements in combined eye-head gaze shifts and, if so, whether this influence is different for the eye and head components. Subjects made combined eye-head gaze shifts to horizontal visual targets. Prior to target onset, a behaviorally irrelevant cue was flashed at the same (congruent) or opposite (incongruent) location at various stimulusonset asynchrony (SOA) times. We measured eye and head movements and neck muscle electromyographic signals. Reaction times for the eye and head were highly correlated; both showed significantly shorter latencies (attentional facilitation) for congruent compared with incongruent cues at the two shortest SOAs and the opposite pattern (inhibition of return) at the longer SOAs, consistent with attentional modulation of a common eye-head gaze drive. Interestingly, we also found that the head latency relative to saccade onset was significantly shorter for congruent than that for incongruent cues. This suggests an effect of attention on the head separate from that on the eyes. I N T R O D U C T I O NUnder natural, head-unrestrained viewing conditions, saccades are typically composed of a combination of eye and head movements resulting in an overall gaze shift. The role of attention in saccadic eye movements has been studied extensively in head-restrained conditions. It has been established that saccade execution requires a shift of attention to the saccade goal (e.g., Deubel and Schneider 1996;Hoffman and Subramaniam 1995;Kowler et al. 1995;McPeek et al. 1999), indicating a close linkage between eye movements and attention. Such a linkage is also supported by a number of studies showing shared neural substrates for saccadic eye movement planning and attentional processing (e.g., Beauchamp et al.

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Section: Differential Effects Of Attention On the Eye And The Headsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Differential Effects Of Attention On the Eye And The Headmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Influence of Attention on Gaze and Head Movements

Khan

Blohm²,

McPeek³

et al. 2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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show abstract

“…This behavior may seem counterintuitive; however, such a pattern turns out to be consistent with a specific biological model of attention shifts. According to an experimental study analyzing the relationship between eye and head movements by Zangemeister and Stark [40], such early head movement with respect to the overall gaze shift occurred mainly in gaze shifts of large amplitude, gaze shifts with predictable targets, and/or very rapid shifts. The study identified various other models of eye-head movement, including early eye movements in situations with small amplitude shifts or unknown target location.…”

Section: A Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Roles of Eye Gaze and Head Dynamics in Predicting Driver's Intent to Change Lanes

Doshi

Trivedi

2009

IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst.

247

124

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Abstract-Driver behavioral cues may present a rich source of information and feedback for future intelligent advanced driver-assistance systems (ADASs). With the design of a simple and robust ADAS in mind, we are interested in determining the most important driver cues for distinguishing driver intent. Eye gaze may provide a more accurate proxy than head movement for determining driver attention, whereas the measurement of head motion is less cumbersome and more reliable in harsh driving conditions. We use a lane-change intent-prediction system Index Terms-Driver-assistance systems, driver behavior, driver intent inference, intelligent vehicles, machine vision, sparse Bayesian learning.

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“…Since humans normally rely on a combined eye-head movement to look from one point of interest to another (Gresty 1974;Barnes 1979;Zangemeister and Stark 1982), we conjectured that different orbital starting points might alter the association of eye and head movements, and thereby the direction of the induced EM. This has recently been suggested to be the case in the monkey for stimulation-induced gaze shifts in an oculomotor structure closely connected to the FEF -the superior colliculus (Freedman et al 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%