Types of Hole-Meadow and Wetlands Vegetation in Oil-contaminated Soils Siyazan District (Azerbaijan)

Abstract

Considering the very important role of the environment and ecology in ensuring the health and food security of the population, Azerbaijan is implementing a consistent and effective state policy towards protecting the ecological balance. Improvement and protection of the ecological situation and the desire to minimize environmental pollution are the main directions of the policy of our state in this direction. Phytoecological studies and studies on oil-contaminated soils are today one of the most urgent environmental problems in Azerbaijan. Therefore, when sampling soil at the Siyazanneft mines in the Siyazan district, the species composition of phytocenoses in contaminated areas was determined. In the conducted research work, the species composition and structure of the primal-meadow and wetland vegetation common in the selected samples and areas (around oil wells) were studied. The results of phytoecological studies were used in the “Classification of Vegetation”. Thus, the vegetation found on the oil-contaminated lands of Siyazanneft was classified into 2 types of vegetation and 4 associations belonging to 2 formation groups. In the presented article, a research work was carried out on the phytoecological characteristics of the spring-meadow and wetland type of vegetation in the oil-contaminated territory “Siyazanneft”.

Phytocenoses found in grassy mountain-meadow soils in the subalpine zone of Talish

“…Subalpine meadows are distinguished for their rich floristic composition, structure of formations and high productivity in comparison with alpine meadows [4,11,16].…”

“…For its origin, lawny meadows are nearly equal to swamped meadows and interfere in each other at appropriate condition of the area of distribution [1,8]. These types of groupings have been found in Yardimli, Lerik (Dashbashi summer grazing area at the height of 2493 m of Komurgoy mountain foothills, slopes between Shingedulen (2417 m) and Jayrud (2088 m) mountains) at grazing areas of upper highlands of Astara region [4,10].…”

“…Astracantheta-Thymusetum Festucosum formation group of this formation class is spread over the large areas as No4 "Khaninin kanari" of Lerik region and along the Yardimli boundaries with neighbor lands of Iran (at the foothills of Balmadin mountain, as well as at high slopes of Kalaputu mountain of Astara region at height of 2093 m above sea level. Essentially, fauna coverage is spread over soft lawny mountain-meadow lands [4,13]. Festuca pratensis Huds.…”