Typhoid fever vs. malaria in a febrile returning traveler: Typhomalaria revisited – An Oslerian perspective

Cunha, Burke A.; Gran, Arthur; Munoz-Gomez, Sigridh

doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2012.09.003

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Cairncross and colleagues [ 13 ] showed that around 4.2% of all deaths could be prevented annually if everyone practised appropriate hygiene, and had access to reliable sanitation and drinking water. The control strategies were based on the water quality improvement and availability, the hygiene promotion, the reduction of contact with infected water and access to sanitation [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. This study aimed at assessing the disease burdens related to unsustainable urban waste management in order to provide the information necessary to develop appropriate measures and practical interventions that could improve the population’s well-being in Yamoussoukro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecohealth Approach to Urban Waste Management: Exposure to Environmental Pollutants and Health Risks in Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire

Kouamé

Dongo

Nguyen-Viet

et al. 2014

IJERPH

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Poor waste management is a key driver of ill-health in urban settlements of developing countries. The current study aimed at assessing environmental and human health risks related to urban waste management in Yamoussoukro, the political capital of Côte d'Ivoire. We undertook trans-disciplinary research within an Ecohealth approach, comprised OPEN ACCESS Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014, 1110293 of a participatory workshop with stakeholders and mapping of exposure patterns. A total of 492 randomly selected households participated in a cross-sectional survey. Waste deposit sites were characterised and 108 wastewater samples were subjected to laboratory examinations. The physico-chemical parameters of the surface water (temperature, pH, conductivity, potential oxidise reduction, BOD5, COD, dissolved oxygen, nitrates, ammonia and total Kendal nitrogen) did not comply with World Health Organization standards of surface water quality. Questionnaire results showed that malaria was the most commonly reported disease. Diarrhoea and malaria were associated with poor sanitation. Households having dry latrines had a higher risk of diarrhoea (odds ratio (OR) = 1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-2.7) compared to latrines with septic tanks and also a higher risk for malaria (OR = 1.9, 95% (CI) 1.1-3.3). Our research showed that combining health and environmental assessments enables a deeper understanding of environmental threats and disease burdens linked to poor waste management. Further study should investigate the sanitation strategy aspects that could reduce the environmental and health risks in the study area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecohealth Approach to Urban Waste Management: Exposure to Environmental Pollutants and Health Risks in Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire

Kouamé

Dongo

Nguyen-Viet

et al. 2014

IJERPH

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“…Nausea is common, and vomiting occurs in more severe cases. It is unusual for a patient hospitalized with typhoid to have no abdominal symptoms and normal bowel movements [59].…”

Section: Immunogenicity and Efficacy Of A Rough Brucella Suis Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Typhoid Fever as a Challenge for Developing Countries and Elusive Diagnostic Approaches Available for the Enteric Fever

Bharmoria¹

2017

IJVR

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Salmonella typhi is the causal organism for the typhoid fever. Typhoid disease is a problem in those developing countries where lack of sanitation, poor water supplies and exposure to unhygienic and polluted environment is a part of routine life of majority of population. Salmonella typhi expresses various virulence antigens like H-antigens, O-antigens and Vi antigens which plays vital role in the infection and pathogenesis of the bacteria. Salmonella typhi causes fever, nausea, headache, body fatigue and bowel related complications in the patients. This disease had been diagnosed by culture method, Widal test for past several decades. These diagnostic techniques are being replaced by the modern assays like ELISA, Dot blot ELISA, DipStick Assays, RT-PCR and other molecular assays. The evolution in diagnostic assays had occurred as the antibiotic resistance in the Salmonella typhi had shown an increase. The Salmonella typhi had been evolved into a multidrug resistant bacteria which need to be timely diagnosed to start the appropriate and correct treatment of typhoid to prevent further complications. This article imparts a brief glimpse on Salmonella typhi, typhoid fever and diagnostic assays available at clinical laboratories. There is a need to focus on the correct and rapid diagnostic methods which should be modified and made accessible to the clinical diagnostic laboratories.

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“…He described malaria as typically presenting with malarial paroxysm (starting with chills, then fever and finally sweats) and intermittent fever. Enteric fever was described as a disease typically characterised by relative bradycardia and a stepwise fever increasing over a period of 1 week [33]. Some uncertainty is always present regarding temporal changes of laboratory parameters.…”

Section: Differentiating Malaria From Enteric Fever and Denguementioning

confidence: 99%

Fever of unknown origin in returning travellers

Korzeniewski

Gaweł²,

Krankowska³

et al. 2015

International Maritime Health

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The aim of the article is to discuss issues associated with the occurrence of febrile illnesses in leisure and business travellers, with a particular emphasis on fevers of unknown origin (FUO). FUO, apart from diarrhoeas, respiratory tract infections and skin lesions, are one of the most common health problems in travellers to tropical and subtropical countries. FUO are manifestations of various diseases, typically of infectious or invasive aetiology. In one out of 3 cases, the cause of a fever in travellers returning from the hot climate zone is malaria, and therefore diagnostic tests should first aim at ruling out this specific disease entity. Other illnesses with persistent fever include dengue, enteric fever, viral hepatitis A, bacterial diarrhoeas and rickettsioses. Fever may also occur in travellers suffering from diseases of non-tropical origin, e.g. cosmopolitan respiratory tract or urinary tract infections, also, fever may coexist with other illnesses or injuries (skin rashes, bites, burns).

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Typhoid fever vs. malaria in a febrile returning traveler: Typhomalaria revisited – An Oslerian perspective

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Ecohealth Approach to Urban Waste Management: Exposure to Environmental Pollutants and Health Risks in Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire

Ecohealth Approach to Urban Waste Management: Exposure to Environmental Pollutants and Health Risks in Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire

Typhoid Fever as a Challenge for Developing Countries and Elusive Diagnostic Approaches Available for the Enteric Fever

Fever of unknown origin in returning travellers

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