Tyrosol prevents AlCl₃induced male reproductive damage by suppressing apoptosis and activating the Nrf‐2/HO‐1 pathway

Abstract

Aluminium is a ubiquitous element that occurs naturally in the soil making human exposure to it is unavoidable. Tyrosol is present in olive oil and is known to have antioxidant effects. Therefore, the present study explores the toxic effects of aluminium chloride (AlCl3) and evaluates the possible protection by tyrosol in male rats. Testicular injury was induced by the administration of AlCl3 (34 mg kg−1 day−1). Rats were treated with either tyrosol (20 mg kg−1 day−1) or AlCl3 (34 mg kg−1 day−1). The experiment lasted for 10 weeks. Biochemical, histopathological and protein expression profiles were determined to decipher the role of tyrosol in protecting the cellular damage. Further, histomorphometric analyses of testes showed deranged architecture along with other noted abnormalities. AlCl3 group rats' testes showed decreased GSH levels, CAT activities, Nrf‐2, HO‐1, bcl‐2 expressions and sperm motility whereas increased caspase‐3 expressions, MDA levels, abnormal and dead/live sperm ratio. However, tyrosol treatment attenuated these changes. The present results demonstrate the beneficial role of tyrosol treatment in AlCl3 induced testicular toxicity alterations of rat.

The protective effect of esculetin against aluminium chloride‐induced reproductive toxicity in rats

“…In a study on rats, it was reported that NRF-2 was suppressed in the brain tissue after exposure to AlCl 3 (Sadek et al, 2019). Güvenç and colleagues reported that NRF-2 gene expression decreased in testicular tissues of rats exposed to AlCl 3 (Güvenç et al, 2020). Although these findings contradict with our results, it can be evaluated that the effect of AlCl 3 on NRF-2 expression affects the translation level rather than the transcription stage.…”

Tyrosol improves ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in rat model through prevention of airway inflammation

“…However, it was determined that MDA in the Tyrosol treated group decreased to the levels of the control group. In the study conducted by Güvenç et al, it was reported that MDA increased in rats treated with AlCl 3 , whereas tyrosol treatment signi cantly decreased the MDA level (Güvenç et al 2020). GSH is an important cellular antioxidant that prevents the redox cycle and free radical formation (Martínez-Martos et al 2014).…”

Effect of epigallocatechin gallate on aluminum chloride-induced changes in behavior, biochemical parameters, and spermatogenesis of Sprague-Dawley rats

“…Cheraghi et al also reported the effect of AlCl 3 on sperm count, and in his study, the AlCl 3 -administered group showed > 50% reduction in the number of sperm cells compared to the control group [18]. The quality of the sperm including motility and viability is also affected by Al via the Nrf-2/ HO-1 signaling pathway [18,43]. In this study, the animals administered with AlCl 3 + vitamin C and AlCl 3 + EGCG showed a qualitative reduction in the number of sperm cells when compared to the control group, but the results were not significant.…”