Über die Bedeutung der Stiekstoffverbindungen für die stoffwechselphysiologischen Beziehungen zwischen Parasit und Wirt am Beispiel Reblaus - Rebe.

Henke, O.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1961.tb04063.x

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The suggestion that a balance of reduction and oxidation, i.e., a redox system, functioned in the defence of plants against sucking insects (Miles, 1968(Miles, , 1990) originated as a reinterpretation of work by Henke (1960Henke ( , 1963 on the involvement of quinone reductase in the susceptibility of grape leaves to infestation by the grape phylloxera. Henke's intention was to test the hypothesis that quinone reductase in plant tissues inhibited oxidative deamination of'toxic' amino acids injected in the insect's saliva.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of antioxidants in the aphid‐plant interaction: the redox hypothesis

Miles

Oertli

1993

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The hypothesis is advanced that a redox system controls oxidation rates during the responses of plants to attack by sucking insects, that soluble antioxidants, such as ascorbate and glutathione, enhance the effectiveness of the plant's defensive system, and that oxidising enzymes in the saliva of aphids (and other phytophagous sucking insects) serve to counter it.Plants typically respond to wounding, including that caused by sucking insects, by mobilising and oxidising phenolic compounds. The initial phenolic monomers, and especially the monomeric o-quinones to which many give rise on oxidation, are generally deterrent to insects. Their final oxidation products, however, are polymers and phenol-protein conjugates, which are non-toxic, but serve to seal off damaged cells. It is suggested that effective defence by the plant requires oxidation of phenolics at a controlled rate that maintains a deterrent titre of the monomers, while allowing a well ordered deposition of sealants. It is also suggested that the salivary oxidases of the insects hasten oxidation in the affected tissues, thereby decreasing concentrations of monomeric phenols and quinones. It is further suggested that sedentary species may also thereby disorganise the sealing off of affected tissues.A kinetic model is developed to show that inclusion of a reductive cycle in the sequential oxidation of phenolics increases the steady state concentrations of monomeric phenols for a given throughput. Conversely, an increase in oxidation rates diminishes the titre of monomers for the same throughput.In initial biological tests of the hypothesis, infiltration of stems of lucerne cultivars with ascorbate or glutathione reduced the reproductive rate of spotted alfalfa aphid, Therioaphis trifolii maculata (Buckton), and of blue-green aphid, Acyrthosiphon kondo Shinji, feeding thereon. Intrinsically non-deterrent concentrations of ascorbate synergised the deterrence of the plant phenolics chlorogenic acid and catechin to the apple aphid, Aphis pomi (de Geer), and the spotted alfalfa aphid, T. t. maculata, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of antioxidants in the aphid‐plant interaction: the redox hypothesis

Miles

Oertli

1993

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Die Gallbildung an den Reben wird dadurch verhindert oder stark vermindert. Die Gallbildung ist jedoch die Voraussetzung fur den Befall mit der Reblaus(Henke 1961). Im Gegensatz zu den saugenden Insekten werden fressende, z.…”

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Einfluß der Ernährung der Pflanzen mit Mineralstoffen auf den Befall mit parasitären Krankheiten und Schädlingen. Sammelreferat

Krauss

1969

J Plant Nutrition & Soil

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The conventional method of water supply by watering up to a defined weight in pot plantings experiments causes a relative high expenditure of work representing a noticeable mess, especially on week-ends. Because of these difficulties, pot planthgs far away from the institute as well as in larger a r e a could not be realized in the past by using the conventional watering method.For this reason a method has been developed whereby the water for the plants can be taken our of a supply vessel adequate to water requirements. In this system a suction pressure gradient between the soil and a ceramic filter-cylinder placed into the experimental vessel results from the evapotranspiration of the pots. By an intact hydrostatic connection between the reservoir and the ceramic filter the automatic water supply is guaranted. With growing planta in the pot's h i s arrangement was at work about 14 days without any service.Jede einseitige Ernahrung der Pflanzen verursacht Veranderungen im morphologischen Aufbau, an der stofflichen Zusammensetzung der Zellen und im Stoffwechsel der Pflanzen, die um so groiSer sind, je weiter die jeweilige Ernahrung vom optimalen Zustand entfernt ist.Durch Diingung und die damit verbundenen Veranderungen der Pflanze im morphologischen und stoff lichen Aufbau kann die Disposition gegenuber einem Krankheitsbefall sowohl in Richtung erhohter Anfalligkeit als auch in Richtung erhohter Widerstandsfahigkeit verschoben werden, sofern die Pflanzen nicht hoch anfallig oder hoch resistent gegeniiber Krankheitserregern sind.Der befallsfordernde bzw. der befallshemmende Einflufi der Ernahrung der Wirtspflanze mit Mineralstoffen hangt jedoch ab von der Art des Krankheitserregers und dessen Befallscharakteristik, wobei einzelne Nahrstoff e spezielle Wirkungen in der Beziehung Wirt-Parasit ausiiben konnen.

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Literatur

Fritzsche¹,

Karl²,

Geißler³

et al. 1988

Resistenz Von Kulturpflanzen Gegen Tierische Schaderreger

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Über die Bedeutung der Stiekstoffverbindungen für die stoffwechselphysiologischen Beziehungen zwischen Parasit und Wirt am Beispiel Reblaus - Rebe.

Cited by 15 publications

References 84 publications

The significance of antioxidants in the aphid‐plant interaction: the redox hypothesis

The significance of antioxidants in the aphid‐plant interaction: the redox hypothesis

Einfluß der Ernährung der Pflanzen mit Mineralstoffen auf den Befall mit parasitären Krankheiten und Schädlingen. Sammelreferat

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