UDASH – Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography

Behrendt, Axel; Sumata, Hiroshi; Rabe, Benjamin; Schauer, Ursula

doi:10.5194/essd-10-1119-2018

Cited by 50 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Part of the hydrographic data is from the Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography (UDASH) version 1.0 (Behrendt et al, ). The UDASH is a unified and high‐quality temperature and salinity data set for the Arctic Ocean and subpolar seas, thoroughly quality checked to remove duplicate and erroneous profiles (Behrendt et al, ). We also used more recent conductivity‐temperature‐depth data collected from (1) the Beaufort Gyre Exploration Project (BGEP) at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, in collaboration with researchers from Fisheries and Oceans Canada at the Institute of Ocean Sciences (http://www.whoi.edu/website/beaufortgyre/); (2) the Japan Agency for Marine–Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC, http://www.godac.jamstec.go.jp/darwin/); (3) the Chinese Arctic Research Expedition (http://www.chinare.org.cn); (4) the USCGC Healy (Swift, ); and (5) the Ice‐Tethered Profiler (ITP) over September 2004 to October 2012 (the fully processed level 3 data).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In situ hydrographic data from a variety of sources over the years 2002-2016 are used for our analysis. Part of the hydrographic data is from the Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography (UDASH) version 1.0 (Behrendt et al, 2018). The UDASH is a unified and high-quality temperature and salinity data set for the Arctic Ocean and subpolar seas, thoroughly quality checked to remove duplicate and erroneous profiles (Behrendt et al, 2018).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Part of the hydrographic data is from the Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography (UDASH) version 1.0 (Behrendt et al, 2018). The UDASH is a unified and high-quality temperature and salinity data set for the Arctic Ocean and subpolar seas, thoroughly quality checked to remove duplicate and erroneous profiles (Behrendt et al, 2018). We also used more recent conductivity-temperature-depth data collected from (1) the Beaufort Gyre Exploration Project (BGEP) at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, in collaboration with researchers from Fisheries and Oceans Canada at the Institute of Ocean Sciences (http://www.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circulation of Pacific Winter Water in the Western Arctic Ocean

et al. 2019

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Pacific Winter Water (PWW) enters the western Arctic Ocean from the Chukchi Sea; however, the physical mechanisms that regulate its circulation within the deep basin are still not clear. Here, we investigate the interannual variability of PWW with a comprehensive data set over a decade. We quantify the thickening and expansion of the PWW layer during 2002–2016, as well as its changing pathway. The total volume of PWW in the Beaufort Gyre (BG) region is estimated to have increased from 3.48 ± 0.04 × 1014 m3 during 2002–2006 to 4.11 ± 0.02 × 1014 m3 during 2011–2016, an increase of 18%. We find that the deepening rate of the lower bound of PWW is almost double that of its upper bound in the northern Canada Basin, a result of lateral flux convergence of PWW (via lateral advection of PWW from the Chukchi Borderland) in addition to the Ekman pumping. In particular, of the 70‐m deepening of PWW at its lower bound observed over 2003–2011 in the northwestern basin, 43% resulted from lateral flux convergence. We also find a redistribution of PWW in recent years toward the Chukchi Borderland associated with the wind‐driven spin‐up and westward shift of the BG. Finally, we hypothesize that a recently observed increase of lower halocline eddies in the BG might be explained by this redistribution, through a compression mechanism over the Chukchi Borderland.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circulation of Pacific Winter Water in the Western Arctic Ocean

et al. 2019

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“…Three different sets of data were combined to form the data set used in this analysis: the Arctic data set of Behrendt et al (), the HydroBase3 data set (Curry & Nobre, ), and all available Denmark Strait data from the University of Hamburg (e.g., Quadfasel, ). The resulting data set includes profiles of pressure, temperature and salinity, and profiles of velocity for most of the University of Hamburg data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrainment and Energy Transfer Variability Along the Descending Path of the Denmark Strait Overflow Plume

2018

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The descent of the Denmark Strait overflow plume is an important process in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Downstream of the sill, the plume entrains ambient water, increasing its volume transport. The entrainment and related transfer of energy can be driven by vertical or horizontal turbulent mixing, and varies spatially, as the plume descends, and temporally, as the volume transport at the sill changes. Using over 30 years of profile data, this spatial and temporal variability in the first 200 km downstream of the sill was investigated. Dissipation and entrainment rates were derived from Thorpe scales, and each profile was identified as either a low‐ or high‐transport flow, defined as below or above‐average volume transport at the sill. In the first 175 km flow type explains most of the variability in entrainment and dissipation rates, with high‐transport flow producing order of magnitude higher rates. Sections crossing the plume and yo‐yo casts (continuous profiling) indicate that dissipation and entrainment are likely driven by the formation of shear instabilities in the interfacial layer, when the vertical velocity shear overcomes the stratification. This vertical turbulent mixing explains most of the variability within the first 175 km, suggesting horizontal turbulent mixing processes may not play as important a role in this region. The importance of temporal flow variability means that further improvements to our understanding of plume dynamics in the Denmark Strait will require a novel observational approach to fully account for spatial and temporal contributions.

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“…To investigate which part of the Beaufort Sea halocline is ventilated during the different downwelling events, we construct an average vertical profile of the interior Beaufort Sea using all available hydrographic data offshore of the mooring array collected during 2002-2004 ( Figure 13). This is done by extracting temperature and salinity data from the Unified Database of Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography (UDASH) archive (Behrendt et al, 2018), which includes summer data from ships as well as winter data from ice-tethered profilers (Krishfield et al, 2008;Toole et al, 2011). In total, there are 127 profiles in the offshore box (Figure 13a) from 2002 to 2004.…”

Section: Journal Of Geophysical Research: Oceansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shelfbreak Downwelling in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea

et al. 2019

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The oceanographic response and atmospheric forcing associated with downwelling along the Alaskan Beaufort Sea shelf/slope is described using mooring data collected from August 2002 to September 2004, along with meteorological time series, satellite data, and reanalysis fields. In total, 55 downwelling events are identified with peak occurrence in July and August. Downwelling is initiated by cyclonic low‐pressure systems displacing the Beaufort High and driving westerly winds over the region. The shelfbreak jet responds by accelerating to the east, followed by a depression of isopycnals along the outer shelf and slope. The storms last 3.25 ± 1.80 days, at which point conditions relax toward their mean state. To determine the effect of sea ice on the oceanographic response, the storms are classified into four ice seasons: open water, partial ice, full ice, and fast ice (immobile). For a given wind strength, the largest response occurs during partial ice cover, while the most subdued response occurs in the fast ice season. Over the two‐year study period, the winds were strongest during the open water season; thus, the shelfbreak jet intensified the most during this period and the cross‐stream Ekman flow was largest. During downwelling, the cold water fluxed off the shelf ventilates the upper halocline of the Canada Basin. The storms approach the Beaufort Sea along three distinct pathways: a northerly route from the high Arctic, a westerly route from northern Siberia, and a southerly route from south of Bering Strait. Differences in the vertical structure of the storms are presented as well.

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UDASH – Unified Database for Arctic and Subarctic Hydrography

Cited by 50 publications

References 29 publications

Circulation of Pacific Winter Water in the Western Arctic Ocean

Circulation of Pacific Winter Water in the Western Arctic Ocean

Entrainment and Energy Transfer Variability Along the Descending Path of the Denmark Strait Overflow Plume

Shelfbreak Downwelling in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea

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