Udder and teat conformational risk factors for elevated somatic cell count and clinical mastitis in New York Holsteins

Miles, Asha M.; McArt, J.A.A.; Yepes, F.A. Leal; Stambuk, Cassandra R.; Virkler, P.D.; Huson, Heather J.

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.12.010

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We previously associated low rear udder height with increased odds of clinical mastitis (Miles et al, 2019), and a case-control comparison of low udder height versus all other udder height types also identified several significantly associated QTL spanning the genome (Figure 4). A significantly associated SNP at 14:27024015 lay within the Aspartate Beta-Hydroxylase (ASPH) gene, known for hydroxylating epidermal growth factors and contributing to dysmorphic features (47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…We performed genome-wide association studies to associate QTL with udder and teat conformation traits, with special focus on previously identified mastitis-risk traits of fore udder attachment, rear teat end shape, rear teat width, and udder height (15). These studies provide insight into the genetic regulation of teat and udder confirmation and mastitis susceptibility as well as novel traits and specific markers that may be used in genetic selection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this cohort of cows, we previously associated increasing rear teat width with increased odds of clinical mastitis (Miles et al, 2019). We first assessed this trait quantitatively to account for continuous variation in rear teat width, and a linear GWA for rear teat width also revealed candidate genes related to both cell division and immune function at a number of different QTL spanning the genome ( Figure 6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primiparous cows (n = 144) were only evaluated linearly to preserve the sample size and due to low representation of many udder and teat morphologies in first parity cows (15)…”

Section: Genome-wide Associationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high-density genome wide association (GWA) study of dairy cow udder and teat conformation with direct phenotyping and no reliance on genotype imputation has yet to be conducted. Thus, we previously associated udder and teat conformational traits with mastitis in a prospective cohort study, where flat teat ends and loose fore udder attachment significantly increased odds of both elevated somatic cell count and clinical mastitis, and low rear udder height and wider rear teats increased odds of clinical mastitis diagnosis alone (15). We posited that these risk factors may be effective criteria to include in culling protocols or inform mating strategies by selecting bulls with strong evaluations for udder and teat morphology without sacrificing milk yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-wide associations for udder and teat conformational risk factors for mastitis in Holstein cows

Miles¹,

Posbergh²,

Huson³

2019

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BACKGROUND The objective of our study was to conduct high-density genome-wide association studies of dairy cow udder and teat conformation with direct phenotyping. We identified and compared quantitative trait loci ( QTL ) for a novel composite mastitis risk trait and considered environmental impact of milking by comparing primiparous cows only. Cows (N = 471) were genotyped on the Illumina BovineHD 777K beadchip and scored for front and rear teat length, width, end shape, and placement, fore udder attachment, udder cleft, udder depth, rear udder height, and rear udder width. Principal component analysis was performed on fore udder attachment, rear teat end shape, rear teat width, and rear udder height, to create a single new phenotype describing mastitis susceptibility based on these high-risk traits.RESULTS Over all 14 traits of interest, a total of 56 genome-wide associations were performed and 28 significantly associated (Bonferroni multiple testing correction < 0.05) QTL were identified. The linkage disequilibrium ( LD ) block surrounding the associated QTL or a 1 Mb window in the absence of LD was interrogated for candidate genes, resulting in the identification of genes with functions related to both cell proliferation and immune signaling, including ZNF683, DHX9, CUX1, TNNT1 , and SPRY1 . We assessed a primiparous only subset of cows (n = 144) to account for the possibility that the genetic variance component of the phenotype is greater for cows who have had less exposure to the environment, and observed different associated QTL and inheritance patterns for udder depth in primiparous cows compared to the total cohort.CONCLUSION Special focus was given to the aforementioned mastitis risk traits, and candidate gene investigation revealed both immune function and cell proliferation related genes in the areas surrounding significantly associated QTL, suggesting that selecting for mastitis resistant cows based on these traits would be an effective method for increasing mastitis resiliency in a herd.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primiparous cows (n = 144) were only evaluated linearly to preserve the sample size and due to low representation of many udder and teat morphologies in first parity cows (15)…”

Section: Genome-wide Associationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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