Udder health in relation to udder and teat morphometry in Holstein Friesian × Sahiwal crossbred dairy cows

Singh, Randhir; Bansal, B. K.; Gupta, D.

doi:10.1007/s11250-013-0454-8

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In any case, there is no consensus in the literature about the influence of teat morphology on mastitis occurrence [14,16]. In the present investigation, phagocytic activity of milk neutrophils was negatively correlated with teat length, whereas Con A induced in vitro milk lymphocyte blastogenic response and PI of milk macrophages were negatively correlated.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

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Association between udder morphology and in vitro activity of milk leukocytes in high yielding crossbred cows

Sharma¹,

Das²,

Ghosh³

et al. 2017

Vet World

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Aim:The present investigation was conducted to study the association between udder morphology and in vitro activity of milk leukocytes in high yielding crossbred cows.Materials and Methods:A total of 48 healthy high yielding crossbred cows were selected for the study. The udder configuration and teat/udder morphology were recorded before milking. Milk samples (100 ml/cow) were collected aseptically. Milk somatic cell counts (SCC) and milk differential leukocyte counts were performed microscopically. Milk leukocytes (viz., neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages) were isolated from milk samples by density gradient centrifugation. Phagocytic index (PI) of milk neutrophils and macrophages were evaluated by colorimetric nitro blue tetrazolium assay. Lymphocytes proliferation response was estimated by MTT assay and expressed as stimulation index.Results:There was a significant (p<0.01) positive correlation between milk SCC with mid teat diameter, teat base diameter and significant (p<0.05) negative correlation between milk SCC and the height of the teat from the ground. Milk SCC was found to be significantly (p<0.01) lower in bowl-shaped udder and higher (p<0.01) in pendulous type. Milk macrophage percentage was positively (p<0.01) correlated with udder circumference. PI of milk neutrophil was negatively (p<0.01) correlation between teat base diameter, and PI of milk macrophages was found to be positively (p<0.01) correlated with teat apex diameter. Both PI of milk neutrophils and macrophages was found to be significantly (p<0.01) lower in the animals having flat and round teat and pendulous type of udder. In vitro PI of milk neutrophils was found to be significantly (p<0.01) lower in flat teat. In vitro PI of milk macrophages was found to be significantly (p<0.01) lower in the round and flat teats compared to pointed and cylindrical teats.Conclusion:Udder risk factors such as teat shape and size, teat to floor distance, udder shape, and size may decrease the in vitro activity of milk leukocytes hence facilitates the incidence intramammary infections.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

“…[6] and Singh et al . [14] also reported decreasing teat end to floor distance, is a well-documented risk factor for mastitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between udder morphology and in vitro activity of milk leukocytes in high yielding crossbred cows

Sharma¹,

Das²,

Ghosh³

et al. 2017

Vet World

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“…The previous studies had also reported a significant effect of udder morphology and stated that cows with pendulous udders had the highest risk of mastitis [12] and higher SCC [13]. Our results are also supported by other studies, where the deeper udders were found to be at higher risk of developing mastitis due to their increased tendency to become soiled [14] and more susceptible to lesions [6][7], hence, being contaminated with environmental pathogens and developed mastitis. However, some study [15] found the insignificant effect of udder shape on SCC and a significant negative correlation between somatic cell number and udder depth has been also reported by Orban et al [16].…”

Section: Udder Shape and Sccsupporting

confidence: 89%

Relationship of udder and teat conformation with intra-mammary infection in crossbred cows under hot-humid climate

Bhakat¹

2019

Preprint

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Aim: The present study was aimed to investigate the relationship of udder shape, teat-end shape, teat length, and teatdiameter with intra-mammary infection in Jersey crossbred cows under hot-humid climate.Materials and Methods: A total of 24 lactating Jersey crossbred cows were evaluated for udder shape (pendulous/regular)and teat-end shape (flat/inverted/pointed) by visual examination, while teat length and teat diameter were measured usingvernier caliper. Monthly milk sampling was done for 4 months of duration. Few quarters were found as blind or nonfunctionaland so, a total of 366 quarter wise milk samples were collected at the monthly interval and subjected to somaticcell count (SCC) microscopically. The data on SCC were transformed into log scale and analyzed.Results: There was a significant (p<0.01) effect of udder shape and teat-end shape on SCC level. The mean SCC levelfor pendulous udder was significantly (p<0.05) higher as compared to the regular shaped udder. Similarly, significantly(p<0.05) a higher level of mean SCC was found in flat teat-end shape. A significant (p<0.01) correlation was found betweenSCC and teat length as well as teat diameter.Conclusion: In conclusion, pendulous udder, flat and inverted teat-end, very long and thick teat were more susceptible tointra-mammary infection in Jersey crossbred cows and these traits must be considered accordingly while selecting dairyanimals for future milk production.

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“…No evidence for this has yet been found for dairy buffaloes. Previously, a smaller teat-end to floor distance was shown to be associated with increased risk of SCC or IMI in dairy cows (Porcionato et al 2010;Singh et al 2014).…”

Section: Teat Morphometry and Quarter Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of teat morphometric parameters and subclinical mastitis in riverine buffaloes

Kaur

Bansal

Singh

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Research

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The possible association between teat morphometric traits and subclinical mastitis (SCM) in dairy buffaloes was studied. Teat morphometric parameters, i.e. teat shape (bottle, conical, cylindrical, and others), teat-end shape (flat, round, and pointed), teat length (TL), teat diameter (TD), and teat-end to floor distance were measured before milking, but after proper milk let-down, in clinically healthy buffaloes (47 Murrah and 34 Nili-Ravi breeds). Subclinical mastitis was defined on the basis of bacteriology and somatic cell count (SCC) of quarter foremilk samples. A high proportion of cylindrical teats (40%) and pointed teat-ends (64·4%) was observed. Hind teats were longer and thicker than fore teats (P < 0·05). A significant breed effect was found with respect to teat shape, length and diameter (P < 0·05). Teats were mostly cylindrical (43·3 vs. 35·4%) and conical (34·2 vs. 30·8%) shaped, smaller (mean 8·2 vs. 9·5 cm) and thinner (mean 3·3 vs. 3·6 cm) in the Murrah breed compared with the Nili-Ravi breed. Teats that had 'other' shapes and were longer, wider, and placed closer to the floor were more associated with SCM (P < 0·05). Mean SCC was significantly higher (P < 0·05) in Nili-Ravi buffaloes, teat shapes classified as 'others', and quarters with SCM. Teat morphometric traits seem to be associated with indicators of udder health in buffaloes, thus, their inclusion in breeding programmes for selection against undesirable dairy type traits may be of value in reducing susceptibility to intramammary infections in Indian buffaloes.

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Udder health in relation to udder and teat morphometry in Holstein Friesian × Sahiwal crossbred dairy cows

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Association between udder morphology and in vitro activity of milk leukocytes in high yielding crossbred cows

Association between udder morphology and in vitro activity of milk leukocytes in high yielding crossbred cows

Relationship of udder and teat conformation with intra-mammary infection in crossbred cows under hot-humid climate

Associations of teat morphometric parameters and subclinical mastitis in riverine buffaloes

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