Ueber den Ursprung der Accommodationsnerven, nebst Bemerkungen über die Function der Wurzeln des Nervus oculomotorius

Representation of the extra‐ocular muscles in the oculomotor nuclei of the monkey

“…I n view, however, of the identification of the Levator's motor pool with a distinct topographical center, the caudal central nucleus, reported here, something further must be said. Most earlier workers, like Hensen and Volckers (1878), Kahler and Pick (1881), Starr (1888), Knies (1891), Stuelp (1895), Bernheimer (1897) , Majano ('03), and more latterly Brouwer ('18) and , assigned rostra1 centers to the Levator (and Rectus superior). This view still forms part of the classical description.…”

Convergence, divergence, pupillary reactions and accommodation of the eyes from faradic stimulation of the macaque brain

“…Pupillary constriction from cortical stimulation has been studied extensively in the cat, but apparently in no other animal (Wang,Lu and Lau,'31;Barris,'36). Moreover, only two studies of accommodation of the eyes produced by brain stimulation have been found in the literature (Hensen and Volckers, 1878;Bender and Weinstein, '43). The present experiments were undertaken to initiate an investigation of these phenomena in the Macaca mulatta.…”

Gliomas of the Quadrigeminal Plate and Eye Movements

“…Because these additional symptoms in the tabulated cases, however, are absolutely cleared by the accessory lesions mentioned, there cannot be the least doubt that it is just the remaining damage to the more lateral and rostral periaquaeductal region from which the vertical gaze palsy did originate. This tegmental area of the rostral midbrain in many resection and stimulation experiments by Hensen and Voelkers [38], Bechterew [10], Knoll [46], Topolanski [70] and Bernlieimer [12] already at the end of the past century had been recognized as the true regulation area for vertical gaze movements. Thanks to Szentágothai's [68,69] experimental work on these peri aquaeductal nuclei it now can be considered as good as certain that it is especially the interstitial nucleus of Cajal which accounts for the regulation of eye movements in the vertical plane, and the more detailed pathological contributions on encephalomalacias in this area (Table I) support this view by the information that the nucleus intcrstitialis always lies within the lesion.…”