Ueber die Entwickelung des Gewebes und der Nerven im Schwanze der Froschlarve

Hensen, V.

doi:10.1007/bf02066076

Cited by 31 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Around 1900, the development of the nervous system and of nerve fibers were hotly debated. Hensen, studying the development of nerves in the tail of the tadpole by hand sectioning and hardening in acidic solutions, argued that the outgrowth of adult nerve fibers adapted to the needs of the body as a whole (Hensen, , ; see also Jacobson, ): as they separated, cells and tissues laid down conduction paths, some of which developed into adult nerve fibers. H. Held supported Hensen's syncytial theory, holding that the nervous system developed by a vis a tergo that drove extending neurons to contact other cells.…”

Section: Interlude: Tissue Culture and Nerve Originsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From experimental zoology to big data: Observation and integration in the study of animal development

Bolker

Brauckmann

2015

J. Exp. Zool.

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Our goal in this paper is to explore the nexus of experiment, observation, and environment in developmental biology, weaving together history and epistemology. We will not attempt a comprehensive treatment of each of these areas. Instead, we use the development of the Journal of Experimental Zoology (JEZ)-which marked its 110th anniversary this past year-as a lens through which to examine how issues of experiment and environment were articulated by some of its founders, and how central questions about how and where to study development continue to resonate a century later.The journal came into being in a tavern in Philadelphia on November 21, 1903. There E.B. Wilson, T.H. Morgan, and E.G. Conklin met to discuss the "the composition of the editorial board, the managing editor, the name, scope and policies of the new publication" (Harrison, '45, xiv). R.G. Harrison was shortly persuaded to serve as the managing editor-a position he held for more than 40 years. ABSTRACTThe founding of the Journal of Experimental Zoology in 1904 was inspired by a widespread turn toward experimental biology in the 19th century. The founding editors sought to promote experimental, laboratory-based approaches, particularly in developmental biology. This agenda raised key practical and epistemological questions about how and where to study development: Does the environment matter? How do we know that a cell or embryo isolated to facilitate observation reveals normal developmental processes? How can we integrate descriptive and experimental data? R.G. Harrison, the journal's first editor, grappled with these questions in justifying his use of cell culture to study neural patterning. Others confronted them in different contexts: for example, F.B. Sumner insisted on the primacy of fieldwork in his studies on adaptation, but also performed breeding experiments using wild-collected animals. The work of Harrison, Sumner, and other early contributors exemplified both the power of new techniques, and the meticulous explanation of practice and epistemology that was marshaled to promote experimental approaches. A century later, experimentation is widely viewed as the standard way to study development; yet at the same time, cutting-edge "big data" projects are essentially descriptive, closer to natural history than to the approaches championed by Harrison et al. Thus, the original questions about how and where we can best learn about development are still with us. Examining their history can inform current efforts to incorporate data from experiment and description, lab and field, and a broad range of organisms and disciplines, into an integrated understanding of animal development.

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Section: Interlude: Tissue Culture and Nerve Originsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From experimental zoology to big data: Observation and integration in the study of animal development

Bolker

Brauckmann

2015

J. Exp. Zool.

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“…Sein Befund entspricht daher durchaus meiner Ansicht. Ich habe (2) am Schwanz der Amphibienlarven, im entschiedensten Gegensatz gegen Götte, niemals mit Sicherheit oder auch nur mit Wahrscheinlichkeit eine Verbindung von Nerven und Bindegewebszellen nachweisen können.') Der Übergang der in Fig.…”

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Die Entwickelungsmechanik der Nervenbahnen im Embryo der Säugetiere

Hensen¹

1903

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gestellt würde, was zu bezweifeln ist, liegt noch kein Grund vor, anzunehmen, daß der Fall meiner Lehre widerspreche, wie sich später zeigen wird. Ich wurde ferner auf eine hübsche Untersuchungsreihe von Forßmann (5) aufmerksam gemacht. Diese beweist, daß die Richtung des Auswachsens der Nervenfasern aus Nervenstümpfen chemotaktisch, teils positiv, teils negativ beeinflußt werden kann. Diese Sache steht aber mit der vorliegenden Prüfung in keinem Zusammenhang. Daß die Nerven im Embryo sich verlängern, ist sicher; daß sie an Stümpfen auswachsen würden, möchte ich durchaus nicht in Abrede stellen. Es handelt sich aber um die Prüfung, ob die Nervenbahnen von ihrem Beginn an durch Verbindungen zwischen Anfangsund Endzelle so festgelegt sind, daß ein Aufsuchen der Enden durch freies Auswachsen sich erübrigt oder vielmehr nicht geschehen kann. Auch die ') Es liat übrigens schon Carl Ludwig in der Einleitung zu seiner Physiologie die Aufgabe vorangestellt, die Notwendigkeit des Geschehens "nachzuweisen.

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Mechanisms of Axonal Guidance The Problem of Intersecting Fiber Systems

Hankin

Silver

1986

The Cellular Basis of Morphogenesis

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Ueber die Entwickelung des Gewebes und der Nerven im Schwanze der Froschlarve

Cited by 31 publications

References 2 publications

From experimental zoology to big data: Observation and integration in the study of animal development

From experimental zoology to big data: Observation and integration in the study of animal development

Die Entwickelungsmechanik der Nervenbahnen im Embryo der Säugetiere

Mechanisms of Axonal Guidance The Problem of Intersecting Fiber Systems

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