UHF Partial Discharge Location in Power Transformers via Solution of the Maxwell Equations in a Computational Environment

Nobrega, L. A. M. M.; Costa, Edson Guedes da; Serres, Alexandre; Xavier, George Victor Rocha; Aquino, Marcus V. D.

doi:10.3390/s19153435

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In [109], an algorithm that considers the effects of refractions and reflections existing internally to power transformers was proposed. The method in [109] uses computer simulations of the electromagnetic waves generated by the PD and obtains the signal propagation time between each point of the transformer 3D space and the UHF sensors positioned in the tank.…”

Section: Location Of Pd Sources In High Voltage Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection, Classification and Location of Sources of Partial Discharges Using the Radiometric Method: Trends, Challenges and Open Issues

et al. 2021

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In this article, we provide a comprehensive survey on the most relevant research in the area of detection, classification and location of partial discharge (PD) sources using the radiometric or ultra high frequency (UHF) method, focusing mainly on the works related to the use of antennas. To the best of the authors knowledge, this is the first review paper that focuses on the application of antennas based on UHF method in the complete diagnosis of PD. Specifically, we first present the main contributions to the development and optimization of UHF sensors for application in the detection of PD sources. Second, articles that used the UHF method to identify different types of PD in high voltage equipment are described. Finally, the main contributions regarding the location of sources of defects using the radiometric method are presented. Summary of works in the area of UHF detection sensors, PD classification and PD location, with their respective contributions, are shown. Finally, research trends, challenging and open issues are discussed. The purpose of this article is to provide important information about the complete diagnosis of PD, which could be used to guide the development of more efficient techniques in this research area.

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Section: Location Of Pd Sources In High Voltage Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection, Classification and Location of Sources of Partial Discharges Using the Radiometric Method: Trends, Challenges and Open Issues

et al. 2021

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“…In order to improve the performance of TDOA-based PD location methods, a new algorithm using the binary swarm optimization technique was used in [15] and tested on a relatively complex model of a transformer tank which includes reflection, refraction and diffraction of the electromagnetic waves taking into account the transformer's equipment, including the walls of the transformer tank. The proposed algorithm was able to locate the PD source with location accuracies of about 15 cm [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Discharge Localization Using Electromagnetic Time Reversal: A Performance Analysis

et al. 2020

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In this study, first, a comparison on the application of electromagnetic time reversal (EMTR) and time difference of arrival (TDoA) in partial discharge localization in power transformers is presented. A two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulation is used to calculate the signal recorded by the sensors. Results show that, in a transformer tank excluding its windings, both methods yield similar results in terms of location accuracy, although the EMTR method only needs one sensor to localize the partial discharge (PD) source while the TDoA method needs at least three sensors in the 2D localization problem. However, the presence of transformer windings leads to a degradation of the performance of the TDoA method if the line of sight from the source to the sensor is blocked by any of the winding blocks. On the other hand, the presence of the transformer windings has an effect on the localization of PD sources that occur between two adjacent phase windings when the distance between the outer winding distances is shorter than the minimum wavelength, λ min. The degradation is directly caused by the diffraction limit. It is shown that, if the distance between two adjacent phase windings is greater than λ min , the EMTR process can locate PD sources occurring between two adjacent phase windings with acceptable accuracy. A case of occurrence of PDs in close proximity (less than λ min /2) to a single metallic object is analyzed both numerically and experimentally. The analysis reveals that although a degradation in the accuracy of the localization is observed compared to the case of longer distances between the PD source and the metallic object, a reasonable localization error of 10 mm (corresponding to λ min /10) is obtained. INDEX TERMS Experimental analysis, partial discharge localization, time difference of arrival, electromagnetic time reversal process, transformer tank.

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“…The former is used in low-voltage (LV) windings, and the latter is used in medium-voltage (MV) and HV windings [ 5 , 6 ]. It is difficult to perform experimental tests on power transformers with large ratings, where known PD sources are inside the winding, and hence, electromagnetic simulations are used to study electromagnetic propagation [ 7 ]. However, the winding design is such simulations is generally simplified to reduce the computational requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Influence of Winding and Sensor Design on Ultra-High Frequency Partial Discharge Signals in Power Transformers

Beura

Beltle

Tenbohlen

2020

Sensors

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Ultra-high frequency (UHF) partial discharge (PD) measurements in power transformers are becoming popular because of the advantages of the method. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the basic understanding of the propagation of signals inside the transformer tank and the factors that influence the sensitivity of the measurement. Since the winding represents a major obstacle to the propagation of the UHF signals, it is necessary to study the effect of winding design on signal propagation. Previous research activities have studied these effects using simplified models, and it is essential to consider the complexity of propagation in a complete transformer tank. Additionally, the quality of UHF PD measurements depends, to a large extent, on the sensitivity of the UHF sensors. In this contribution, a simulation model consisting of a simple, grounded enclosure with multiple winding designs is used to study the propagation characteristics of UHF signals when an artificial PD source is placed inside the winding. After analysis of the results, the winding designs are incorporated in an existing and validated simulation model of a 420 kV power transformer and analyzed to observe the influence in a more complex structure. Two commonly used sensor designs are also used in the simulation model to receive the signals. In all cases, the propagation and signal characteristics are analyzed and compared to determine the influence of the winding and sensor design on the UHF signals. It is found that the level of detail of winding design has a significant impact on the propagation characteristics. However, the attenuation characteristics of the UHF signals received by the two sensor designs are similar, with the electric field distribution around the sensor being the key difference.

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UHF Partial Discharge Location in Power Transformers via Solution of the Maxwell Equations in a Computational Environment

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Detection, Classification and Location of Sources of Partial Discharges Using the Radiometric Method: Trends, Challenges and Open Issues

Detection, Classification and Location of Sources of Partial Discharges Using the Radiometric Method: Trends, Challenges and Open Issues

Partial Discharge Localization Using Electromagnetic Time Reversal: A Performance Analysis

Study of the Influence of Winding and Sensor Design on Ultra-High Frequency Partial Discharge Signals in Power Transformers

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